Advances in the biology, ecology and control of dangerous fruit fly Bactrocera umbrosa (Fabricius)

Bactrocera umbrosa (Fabricius), a monophagous tephritid fruit fly native to Southeast Asia, represents a significant threat to the Artocarpus genus within the Moraceae family, particularly to jackfruit Artocarpus heterophyllus and breadfruit Artocarpus altilis. As economic and trade ties between China and Southeast Asia strengthen, the risk that B. umbrosa poses to agricultural security is increasing. Despite the growing threat, our understanding and fundamental research on this species remain relatively limited. This review synthesizes the current knowledge regarding the morphological characteristics of B. umbrosa, its hosts, dispersal and invasion patterns, and existing management strategies. It also proposes potential avenues for future research. Increasing vigilance against its invasive potential, bolstering scientific research, and adopting a comprehensive management strategy are essential to effectively mitigate and control this destructive species.