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Publishing Language: Chinese

Analysis of Phencyclidine-type New Psychoactive Substance 2-FXE in Illicit E-liquid

Xiaoying YANG1, Jiali QIAN1, Rui WANG1, Runxuan ZHANG1, Xiao ZHOU1, Hang JING2, Lixia MA2
Key Laboratory of Drugs Analysis & Intelligent-Monitoring, National Narcotics Laboratory Shaanxi Regional Center (The Narcotics Control Technical Center of Shaanxi Provincial Public Security Department), Xi'an 712046, China
College of Medicine & Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Abstract

Objective

This study established qualitative analytical methods for 2-Ethylamino-2-(2-fluorophenyl) cyclohexan-1-one (2-FXE) in e-liquid using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high resolution-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HR-LC-MS). Corresponding quantitative analytical methods were established using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC).

Methods

The seized e-liquid sample was extracted with methanol and subjected to qualitative analysis using HR-LC-MS and GC-MS. Furthermore, the content of the target substance in e-liquid was quantitatively analyzed using HPLC and GC.

Results

The mass fragment information of HR-LC-MS indicated that the unknown substance may be 2-FXE, an analog of Fluoroketamine. Combined with the retention time and the relative ion abundance ratio of the reference standard analyzed by GC-MS, the unknown additive was determined to be 2-FXE. At the same time, the quantitative results of HPLC and GC showed that the illegal addition of 2-FXE in e-liquid was 8.22% and 8.35%, respectively. The relative deviation between the two results was less than 5%.

Conclusion

This approach can meet the qualitative and quantitative analysis requirements of 2-FXE in e-liquid, and also provides a reference method for the analysis of other similar phencyclidine-type new psychoactive substances.

Keywords

GC-MSHR-LC-MSHPLCphencyclidine-type substance2-FXEe-liquid
CLC number: DF795.1 Document code: A Article ID: 1671-2072-(2026)5-0078-07

References

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Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences
Volume 2026 Issue 5,
September 2026
Pages 78-84
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2026.05.010

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Cite this article:
YANG X, QIAN J, WANG R, et al. Analysis of Phencyclidine-type New Psychoactive Substance 2-FXE in Illicit E-liquid. Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2026, 2026(5): 78-84. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-2072.2026.05.010

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Received: 23 May 2025
Published: 15 September 2026
© 2026 Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences