Virtual Scientific Inquiry Learning from the Perspective of Human-AI Collaboration: Connotative Logic and Practical Pathways

Virtual scientific inquiry learning has expanded learning spaces and methods for cultivating scientific and technological innovation talents. However, in previous practices, teachers' support was lagging and machine guidance was highly prescriptive, which made it difficult to provide timely and personalized learning support, thereby limiting the improvement of students' inquiry effectiveness. The concept of human-AI collaboration emphasizes the synergistic effect of teachers and intelligent agents, jointly empowering students to solve scientific problems and promoting the development of students' core scientific literacy. Accordingly, this paper focused on virtual scientific inquiry learning from the perspective of human-AI collaboration, systematically elaborated its fundamental connotations and clarified its internal logic, which took "the inquiry goals of human-AI co-cultivation as the logical starting point", the inquiry field of human-AI symbiosis as the intelligence-enabling carrier, and the inquiry process of human-AI co-promotion as the practical path. On this basis, a practical framework centered on students' inquiry learning was constructed, encompassing four levels: environmental support, activity design, activity facilitation, and goal attainment. Finally, combined with the practical case of the self-developed AiSim platform supporting middle school physics electricity instruction, this study provided theoretical reference and practical guidance for the implementation of this model in science education.