Assessment of Blasting Vibration Effects from Tonglushan Mine Operations on Surrounding Buildings

Tonglushan Mine has progressed into deep-level mining operations. This study employs an integrated methodology that combines theoretical models with in situ vibration monitoring to characterize blast-induced vibrations in surrounding buildings in the mining region. Vibration monitoring systems with blast seismographs and velocity sensors were deployed in Tongshan Village, adjacent to the open pit's southern perimeter, capturing three sets of medium-depth blasting parameters, including dominant frequency, vibration velocity, and other vibration parameters. The acquired data were benchmarked against national safety thresholds to assess the potential for structural impact. Subsequent application of the Sadovskij empirical formula enabled quantitative modeling of vibration attenuation characteristics and the range of vibration influence. The monitoring results demonstrate: (1) The three medium-deep-hole blasts exhibited dominant frequencies ranging from 9.0 to 50.0 Hz, with peak resultant vibration velocities of 0.036 cm/s, 0.048 cm/s, and 0.043 cm/s at respective monitoring stations, all values remaining well within the prescribed safety limits. (2) Parameter regression yields Sadovskij coefficients K=93.68 and α=1.76, reflecting site-specific blasting conditions and lithology consistent with medium-hard to hard rock classification. These findings confirm that current blasting protocols maintain effective vibration control, safeguarding both environmental stability and structural integrity of adjacent buildings during deep mining operations.