Research Progress on Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials by Gaseous Detonation

Gaseous detonation synthesis is a novel approach for the production of carbon nanomaterials. This method offers several advantages over other techniques, including rapid reaction kinetics, diverse product types, high yield, exceptional purity, straightforward operation, and cost-effectiveness. These benefits make it highly suitable for promoting the industrial-scale manufacturing of carbon nanomaterials. To elucidate the current research and development status of gaseous detonation-synthesized carbon nanomaterials, this paper provides an overview of the necessary instruments and equipment, experimental procedures, theoretical calculations, and product characterization methods employed in this synthesis technique. Additionally, it summarizes the technologies and methodologies used to synthesize various carbon-based materials such as carbon-coated nanometallic particles, carbon nanospheres, carbon nanotubes(CNTs), carbon dots(CDs), and carbon nanocapsules via gaseous detonation synthesis. The morphology of these synthesized products is analyzed along with their structural features and performance characteristics. Furthermore, this study explores the potential applications and technological advancements associated with these newly developed gaseous detonation-synthesized carbon nanomaterials to lay a solid theoretical foundation for rational design optimization and large-scale production of nanostructured materials in line with industry standards in explosive engineering. Current research indicates that the synthesis of detonation should be integrated with both macroscopic detonation theory and microscopic particle growth. The investigation of detonation wave engine and the analysis of detonation cell structure have become prominent areas of study, particularly in understanding the relationship between macroscopic detonation cells and the microscopic synthesis process of nanomaterials. However, a significant challenge remains in comprehending the growth mechanism of particles synthesized through detonation on a micro-scale, necessitating the utilization of molecular dynamics and lattice Boltzmann calculation methods for resolution.