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Research Article | Open Access

A variant of the Sylvester–Kac matrix which exhibits subsets of integer squared singular values for all orders

Abdullah Alazemi1( )Tim Hopkins2Emrah Kılıç3,4
Department of Mathematics, Kuwait University, Safat 13060, Kuwait
School of Computing, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NF, UK
TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Mathematics Department, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
Department of Technical Sciences, Western Caspian University, Baku, Azerbaijan
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Abstract

In [T. Boros, P. Rozsa, Linear Algebra Appl., 421 (2007), 407–416.], the authors showed that for the Sylvester–Kac matrix of odd order, 2 n + 1 ( n 0), n of the squared singular values were integers. We present a variation of this matrix for which analogous results are obtained in both the odd- and even-order cases, and we derive explicit formulae for computing the corresponding squared singular values. In the even-order case, we also obtain an explicit form for the determinant. Owing to its simple matrix with a subset of easily calculated singular values makes this matrix a useful test case for numerical software for computing singular values. In addition, report several interesting empirical results regarding the singular values of this variant which we obtained using Maple high precision floating-point arithmetic.

CLC number: 05A15, 15A18, 15B36

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AIMS Mathematics
Pages 4068-4081

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Cite this article:
Alazemi A, Hopkins T, Kılıç E. A variant of the Sylvester–Kac matrix which exhibits subsets of integer squared singular values for all orders. AIMS Mathematics, 2026, 11(2): 4068-4081. https://doi.org/10.3934/math.2026163

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Received: 08 November 2025
Revised: 26 January 2026
Accepted: 30 January 2026
Published: 10 February 2026
©2026 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)