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Research Article | Open Access

Superquadratic stochastic processes and their fractional perspective with applications in information theory

Mohsen Ayyash1Dawood Khan1,2Saad Ihsan Butt2Youngsoo Seol3( )
School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia
Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
Department of Mathematics, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
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Abstract

Superquadraticity is a generalization of convexity that yields more refined results compared to those obtained through convexity alone. In this work, we established, for the first time, a class of superquadratic stochastic processes and explored their fundamental properties. Based on these properties, we derived Jensen's and (Hermite-Hadamard) H H 's type inequalities, along with their fractional counterparts, in the context of mean-square stochastic (Riemann-Liouville) R . L fractional integrals. The validity of our findings was supported by graphical illustrations using suitable examples. Furthermore, we extended the applicability of our results to information theory by introducing several stochastic divergence measures.

CLC number: 26D15, 26A51, 26A33, 26D10, 94A15, 94A17, 60G05

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AIMS Mathematics
Pages 13695-13720

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Cite this article:
Ayyash M, Khan D, Butt SI, et al. Superquadratic stochastic processes and their fractional perspective with applications in information theory. AIMS Mathematics, 2025, 10(6): 13695-13720. https://doi.org/10.3934/math.2025617

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Received: 02 April 2025
Revised: 04 June 2025
Accepted: 09 June 2025
Published: 13 June 2025
©2025 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)