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Research Article | Open Access

On a second-order system of difference equations: expressions and behavior of the solutions

Nouressadat Touafek1( )Jawharah Ghuwayzi AL-Juaid2
LMAM Laboratory, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Informatics, University of Jijel, Jijel 18000, Algeria
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract

We explicitly solve the following second-order system of difference equations:

x n + 1 = a x n y n 1 y n β y n 1 γ + b x n + c , y n + 1 = α y n x n 1 x n b x n 1 c + β y n + γ ,

where n N 0 , a, α, and the initial conditions x 1 , y 1 , x 0 , and y 0 are nonzero real numbers, while the remaining parameters b, c, β, and γ are real numbers. A detailed analysis of the solutions of our system when α = a with respect to the form, the periodicity and the limiting behavior is presented. To support and illustrate our theoretical results, numerical examples are provided. Our study, considerably generalizes some existing results in the literature.

CLC number: 39A05, 39A10, 39A20, 39A30

References

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AIMS Mathematics
Pages 28077-28099

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Cite this article:
Touafek N, AL-Juaid JG. On a second-order system of difference equations: expressions and behavior of the solutions. AIMS Mathematics, 2025, 10(11): 28077-28099. https://doi.org/10.3934/math.20251234

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Received: 16 September 2025
Revised: 10 November 2025
Accepted: 24 November 2025
Published: 28 November 2025
©2025 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)