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Research Article | Open Access

On explicit periodic solutions in three-dimensional difference systems

Ahmed Ghezal1Najmeddine Attia2( )
Department of Mathematics, Abdelhafid Boussouf University of Mila, Mila, Algeria
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract

This paper focuses on the existence and analytical formulation of closed-form solutions for a three-dimensional system of nonlinear difference equations. The proposed system possesses a mathematical architecture that encapsulates complex nonlinear interactions among three mutually dependent variables. Through the application of systematic analytical transformations, the original system was reduced to a set of solvable recurrence relations, thereby allowing the derivation of explicit closed-form expressions with a high degree of analytical precision. Furthermore, numerical examples revealed that even minute perturbations in the system parameters or initial conditions can induce significant variations in oscillatory patterns, highlighting the system's structural sensitivity and rich dynamical diversity. This paper, therefore, constitutes a natural and essential extension of previously studied two-dimensional frameworks toward more sophisticated three-dimensional models, which provide a more faithful representation of interdependent relationships within discrete nonlinear systems.

CLC number: Primary 39A10; Secondary 40A05

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AIMS Mathematics
Pages 25469-25488

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Cite this article:
Ghezal A, Attia N. On explicit periodic solutions in three-dimensional difference systems. AIMS Mathematics, 2025, 10(11): 25469-25488. https://doi.org/10.3934/math.20251128

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Received: 02 August 2025
Revised: 10 October 2025
Accepted: 29 October 2025
Published: 05 November 2025
©2025 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)