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Research Article | Open Access

On the geometric behavior of Cotton solitons immersed in certain classes of GRW spacetimes

Giovanni Molica Bisci1( )Henrique F. de Lima2Ary V. F. Leite2Marco A. L. Velásquez2
Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, University San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Roma, Italy
Departamento de Matemática, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 58.429-970 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
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Abstract

In the present manuscript, we investigate the geometric behavior of complete and stochastically complete Cotton solitons isometrically immersed in a generalized Robertson-Walker (GRW) spacetime whose sectional curvature of the Riemannian fiber satisfies suitable curvature constraints. In this configuration, by assuming appropriate hypotheses on the warped structure of the GRW spacetime, we jointly use a Bochner-type formula with several maximum principles, integrability conditions, and a parabolicity criterion in order to show that such a Cotton soliton must be trivial and locally conformally flat. Additionally, applications of our main results for the steady state space, the de Sitter space, the future temporal cone of the Lorentz-Minkowski space, and a specific open subset of the anti-de Sitter space are also presented.

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Electronic Research Archive
Pages 1609-1625

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Cite this article:
Bisci GM, de Lima HF, Leite AVF, et al. On the geometric behavior of Cotton solitons immersed in certain classes of GRW spacetimes. Electronic Research Archive, 2026, 34(3): 1609-1625. https://doi.org/10.3934/era.2026073

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Received: 31 October 2025
Revised: 01 February 2026
Accepted: 03 February 2026
Published: 27 February 2026
©2026 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)