The driving mechanisms for synergistic benefits in supply chains in prefabricated construction projects of water conservancy projects

Prefabricated buildings in water conservancy projects have significant potential in promoting sustainable development, but their complex supply chain structure and synergistic benefits have not yet been fully realized. Existing research primarily focuses on measuring collaborative benefits, lacking a systematic analysis of the driving mechanisms behind synergistic benefits. Based on the resource-based view and institutional theory, this study constructs a synergistic benefit driving model in supply chains from the perspectives of single effects and multi-configuration. Using 648 sample data, structural equation modeling (SEM) and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) are used for empirical research.The results show that resource capacity, financial capacity, technological support, policy support, governance mechanisms, and collaborative culture all significantly promote synergistic benefits, with resource capacity and governance mechanisms playing the most prominent roles. Synergistic benefits arise from the combined effects of multiple factors, forming five typical paths: resource-dominant type, policy-governance driven type, finance-technology collaborative type, culture-technology supportive type, and all-factor balanced type. Therefore, improving synergistic benefits requires differentiated configuration management. Enterprises should select suitable paths based on their specific conditions, promote the deep integration of collaborative culture and technological support, strengthen the synergistic linkage between internal resource endowments and the external institutional environment, and maximize the overall value of the supply chain.