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Review | Open Access

Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: From Mechanisms to Clinical Applications

Chengru Yang#,1, Zhiyu Wang#,1, Shaowu Bi1, Xinmiao Zhang1, Zhaoqiang Xu1, Yifei Ge1, Tianjie Zhang1, Nan Wang1, Yi Xu1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9( ), Xiangyu Zhong1( )
Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150086, China
State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Fujian Province University, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361000, China
Key Laboratory of Human Development and Disease Research (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research (Guangxi Medical University), Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fuzhou, 350014, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, 350014, China
School of Pharmacy, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 223913, China
Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China

#These authors contributed equally to this work and share first authorship

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Abstract

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an extremely aggressive cancer of the digestive system with insidious onset and the lack of effective biomarkers, resulting in late-stage diagnosis and poor prognosis. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key mediators of intercellular communication that drive PC initiation and advancement. By modulating gene expression, they impact tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling, proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and immune evasion. Critically, exosomal ncRNAs serve as promising biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic assessment. This review summarizes the current research achievements regarding exosomal ncRNAs in PC, systematically elaborating on their roles in tumor occurrence, metastasis, chemoresistance and the TME. Furthermore, by integrating the potential of exosomal ncRNAs in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of PC and by highlighting the challenges and future directions, this review aims to offer novel insights for future research and clinical translation of exosomal ncRNAs in PC.

Keywords

Exosomesnon-coding RNAspancreatic cancerbiomarkerdiagnosistherapy

References

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Oncology Research
Volume 33 Issue 11,
October 2025
Pages 3207-3229
DOI: 10.32604/or.2025.066150

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Cite this article:
Yang C, Wang Z, Bi S, et al. Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: From Mechanisms to Clinical Applications. Oncology Research, 2025, 33(11): 3207-3229. https://doi.org/10.32604/or.2025.066150

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Received: 31 March 2025
Accepted: 27 August 2025
Published: 22 October 2025
© The Author 2024.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.