Finite Element Analysis of the Influence of End Grouting Defects in Grouted Sleeve on the Structural Performance of Precast Reinforced Concrete Columns

Precast concrete structures have gained popularity due to their advantages. However, the seismic performance of their connection joints remains an area of ongoing research and improvement. Grouted Sleeve Connection (GSC) offers a solution for connecting reinforcements in precast components, but their vulnerability to internal defects, such as construction errors and material variability, can significantly impact performance. This article presents a finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate the impact of internal grouting defects in GSC on the structural performance of precast reinforced concrete columns. Four finite element models representing GSC with varying degrees of defects were used to investigate the effects on mechanical properties, including bearing capacity, stress-deformation behavior, and stiffness degradation. The study highlights the significant impact of internal grouting defects on the mechanical performance of GSC, with findings indicating a decrease in stiffness, increased plastic deformation, and reduced energy dissipation as the proportion of internal defects rises. The analysis reveals that the internal defects in GSC act as stress concentration points, leading to early crack formation and accelerated damage under cyclic loading. By improving construction quality and reducing the prevalence of grouting defects, the adverse effects on the performance of GSC can be mitigated. Compared to defect-free specimens, those with defects of 30% exhibited a 31.23% reduction in horizontal bearing capacity, highlighting the importance of minimizing defects in practical engineering applications.