Optimized Deployment Method for Finite Access Points Based on Virtual Force Fusion Bat Algorithm

In the deployment of wireless networks in two-dimensional outdoor campus spaces, aiming at the problem of efficient coverage of the monitoring area by limited number of access points (APs), this paper proposes a deployment method of multi-objective optimization with virtual force fusion bat algorithm (VFBA) using the classical four-node regular distribution as an entry point. The introduction of Lévy flight strategy for bat position updating helps to maintain the population diversity, reduce the premature maturity problem caused by population convergence, avoid the over aggregation of individuals in the local optimal region, and enhance the superiority in global search; the virtual force algorithm simulates the attraction and repulsion between individuals, which enables individual bats to precisely locate the optimal solution within the search space. At the same time, the fusion effect of virtual force prompts the bat individuals to move faster to the potential optimal solution. To validate the effectiveness of the fusion algorithm, the benchmark test function is selected for simulation testing. Finally, the simulation result verifies that the VFBA achieves superior coverage and effectively reduces node redundancy compared to the other three regular layout methods. The VFBA also shows better coverage results when compared to other optimization algorithms.