Security Challenges and Analysis Tools in Internet of Health Things: A Comprehensive Review

The digital revolution era has impacted various domains, including healthcare, where digital technology enables access to and control of medical information, remote patient monitoring, and enhanced clinical support based on the Internet of Health Things (IoHTs). However, data privacy and security, data management, and scalability present challenges to widespread adoption. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review that examines the authentication mechanisms utilized within IoHT, highlighting their critical roles in ensuring secure data exchange and patient privacy. This includes various authentication technologies and strategies, such as biometric and multi-factor authentication, as well as the influence of emerging technologies like blockchain, fog computing, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). The findings indicate that emerging technologies offer hope for the future of IoHT security, promising to address key challenges such as scalability, integrity, privacy and other security requirements. With this systematic review, healthcare providers, decision makers, scientists and researchers are empowered to confidently evaluate the applicability of IoT in healthcare, shaping the future of this field.