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Research Article | Open Access

SRHAC: Skeleton-Based Real-Time Human Action Counting with Spatial-Temporal Optimization

School of Computer Science (National Pilot Software Engineering School), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100088, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System and Network Culture, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, China
Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100089, China
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Abstract

With the rapid progress of mobile computational devices, human action counting has emerged as a promising application. It could revolutionize individual fitness routines, school physical education, and military training. However, existing studies suffer from low counting accuracy or efficiency. In this paper, we first provide our contributed real-world video dataset, including 84 videos from 54 recruited volunteers. Next, we propose a Skeleton-based Real-time Human Action Counting (SRHAC) architecture with spatial-temporal optimization. SRHAC analyzes human skeletons to interpret action semantics, offering finer granularity and higher accuracy. Moreover, a dynamic frame filtering algorithm and a region-of-interest generator algorithm are designed to further improve the accuracy and efficiency of SRHAC. Extensive experiments demonstrate our method achieves an advanced 98.03% counting accuracy under real-time level counting efficiency.

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Tsinghua Science and Technology
Pages 2149-2165

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Cite this article:
Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhang Z, et al. SRHAC: Skeleton-Based Real-Time Human Action Counting with Spatial-Temporal Optimization. Tsinghua Science and Technology, 2026, 31(4): 2149-2165. https://doi.org/10.26599/TST.2024.9010207

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Received: 06 June 2024
Revised: 25 July 2024
Accepted: 24 October 2024
Published: 17 October 2025
© The author(s) 2026.

The articles published in this open access journal are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).