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Open Access

A Non-Orthogonal Modulation Based High Spectral Efficiency and High Security Multi-Carrier Differential Chaos Shift Keying for Maritime Communications

College of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
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Abstract

The Space-Air-Ground-Sea Integrated Networks (SAGSIN) will place higher requirements on both spectral efficiency and security for future maritime communications. To simultaneously address these two challenges, in this paper, a non-orthogonal modulation based multi-carrier differential chaos shift keying system (namely MCNO-DCSK) is proposed and demonstrated. The most remarkable feature of MCNO-DCSK is that the strict orthogonality between subcarriers is no longer required. In this way, frequency intervals between subcarriers can be much smaller than ever, which leads to a high spectral efficiency. Meanwhile, the frequency interval can be set more flexibly to make the symbol more difficult to be deciphered. Therefore, a high level of security can also be guaranteed. In this design, multiple modulated non-orthogonal subcarriers are sequentially delayed and directly superimposed in time domain to construct the MCNO-DCSK symbol. At the receiver, information bits are demodulated through solving a system of linear equations. The spectral efficiency, computational complexity, and security are analyzed, and the bit-error-rate expressions are derived. Moreover, as subcarriers are non-orthogonal and time delayed, the MCNO-DCSK will suffer severe interference over the multi-path channel. Therefore, the effect of the multi-path interference on the system performance is discussed, and a method to mitigate this interference is designed. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the superiority of MCNO-DCSK.

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Tsinghua Science and Technology
Pages 1079-1095
Cite this article:
Dou X, Lyu T, Ren X, et al. A Non-Orthogonal Modulation Based High Spectral Efficiency and High Security Multi-Carrier Differential Chaos Shift Keying for Maritime Communications. Tsinghua Science and Technology, 2025, 30(3): 1079-1095. https://doi.org/10.26599/TST.2024.9010057

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Received: 13 December 2023
Revised: 29 February 2024
Accepted: 12 March 2024
Published: 26 June 2024
© The Author(s) 2025.

The articles published in this open access journal are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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