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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2022, 27(2): 333-343 https://doi.org/10.26599/TST.2021.9010006
Open Access | Issue | Published: 29 September 2021

Secure Scheme for Locating Disease-Causing Genes Based on Multi-Key Homomorphic Encryption

Show Author's Information Tanping Zhou( ),  Wenchao Liu,  Ningbo Li,  Xiaoyuan Yang( ),  Yiliang Han,  Shangwen Zheng
College of Cryptography Engineering, Engineering University of People’s Armed Police, Xi’an 710086, China
College of Cryptography Engineering, Engineering University of People’s Armed Police, Xi’an 710086, China
People’s Armed Police Command College China, Tianjin 300100, China
TCA Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
Keywords:
public key encryption, Multi-Key Homomorphic Encryption (MKHE), fully homomorphic encryption, disease-causing genes, secure location of disease-causing genes
Cite this article:
Zhou T, Liu W, Li N, et al. Secure Scheme for Locating Disease-Causing Genes Based on Multi-Key Homomorphic Encryption. Tsinghua Science and Technology, 2022, 27(2): 333-343. https://doi.org/10.26599/TST.2021.9010006
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Abstract Full text About this article

Genes have great significance for the prevention and treatment of some diseases. A vital consideration is the need to find a way to locate pathogenic genes by analyzing the genetic data obtained from different medical institutions while protecting the privacy of patients’ genetic data. In this paper, we present a secure scheme for locating disease-causing genes based on Multi-Key Homomorphic Encryption (MKHE), which reduces the risk of leaking genetic data. First, we combine MKHE with a frequency-based pathogenic gene location function. The medical institutions use MKHE to encrypt their genetic data. The cloud then homomorphically evaluates specific gene-locating circuits on the encrypted genetic data. Second, whereas most location circuits are designed only for locating monogenic diseases, we propose two location circuits (TH-intersection and Top-q) that can locate the disease-causing genes of polygenic diseases. Third, we construct a directed decryption protocol in which the users involved in the homomorphic evaluation can appoint a target user who can obtain the final decryption result. Our experimental results show that compared to the JWB+17 scheme published in the journal Science, our scheme can be used to diagnose polygenic diseases, and the participants only need to upload their encrypted genetic data once, which reduces the communication traffic by a few hundred-fold.


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About this article

Secure Scheme for Locating Disease-Causing Genes Based on Multi-Key Homomorphic Encryption

Show Author's information Tanping Zhou( ), Wenchao Liu, Ningbo Li, Xiaoyuan Yang( ), Yiliang Han, Shangwen Zheng
College of Cryptography Engineering, Engineering University of People’s Armed Police, Xi’an 710086, China
College of Cryptography Engineering, Engineering University of People’s Armed Police, Xi’an 710086, China
People’s Armed Police Command College China, Tianjin 300100, China
TCA Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China

Abstract

Genes have great significance for the prevention and treatment of some diseases. A vital consideration is the need to find a way to locate pathogenic genes by analyzing the genetic data obtained from different medical institutions while protecting the privacy of patients’ genetic data. In this paper, we present a secure scheme for locating disease-causing genes based on Multi-Key Homomorphic Encryption (MKHE), which reduces the risk of leaking genetic data. First, we combine MKHE with a frequency-based pathogenic gene location function. The medical institutions use MKHE to encrypt their genetic data. The cloud then homomorphically evaluates specific gene-locating circuits on the encrypted genetic data. Second, whereas most location circuits are designed only for locating monogenic diseases, we propose two location circuits (TH-intersection and Top-q) that can locate the disease-causing genes of polygenic diseases. Third, we construct a directed decryption protocol in which the users involved in the homomorphic evaluation can appoint a target user who can obtain the final decryption result. Our experimental results show that compared to the JWB+17 scheme published in the journal Science, our scheme can be used to diagnose polygenic diseases, and the participants only need to upload their encrypted genetic data once, which reduces the communication traffic by a few hundred-fold.

Keywords: public key encryption, Multi-Key Homomorphic Encryption (MKHE), fully homomorphic encryption, disease-causing genes, secure location of disease-causing genes

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Publication history

Received: 14 September 2020
Revised: 17 December 2020
Accepted: 25 January 2021
Published: 29 September 2021
Issue date: April 2022

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© The author(s) 2022

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2017YFB0802000), the Innovative Research Team in Engineering University of PAP (No. KYTD201805), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61872384), the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (No. 2020JQ-492), and the Fundamental Research Project of Engineering University of PAP (Nos. WJY201910, WJY201914, and WJY201912).

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