STRATEGIES FOR SOLVING OPEN-ENDED EXERCISES WITH THE SUPPORT OF IDEOLOGICAL AND POLITICAL EDUCATION: TAKING THE CALCULATION OF ELECTRIC FIELD ON UNIFORMLY CHARGED SPHERICAL SURFACE AS AN EXAMPLE

Physics exercises are an important form of physics teaching and student practical activities. It is an indispensable and important part of consolidating ideological and political work into the entire teaching process. Optimizing teaching strategies for exercises is crucial for achieving course objectives. Taking the calculation of field strength on a uniformly charged sphere as an example, this paper explores how to effectively integrate ideological and political elements through multiple solutions to a typical problem. With open-ended exercises, students have broadened their perspectives based on literature researches. On this basis, they have conducted induction, integration, analogy, independent thinking and questioning, established physical models, put forward viewpoints and arguments. This has cultivated students' ability to think in a multi-dimensional and divergent manner, the ability to clarify physical concepts and flexibly apply mathematical tools; and the ability dialectically and scientifically consider problems while problem-solving. The interdisciplinary integration and scientific literacy of students have been improved, achieving the coordinated advancement of professional education and ideological education.