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Publishing Language: Chinese

THERMODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM FOR RELATIVISTIC MACRO SYSTEMS

Long CUI1, Tao WANG1, Yifan CAI1, Xin HAO2, Liu ZHAO1( )
School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071
School of Physics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024
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Abstract

The definitions of thermodynamic equilibrium in general relativistic curved spacetime background are presented respectively by use of relativistic hydrodynamics, kinetic theory and stochastic thermodynamics. The connections and differences between these definitions are also discussed. In particular, the equilibrium states defined via first order hydrodynamics can be unstable, whereas those defined via kinetic theory are always stable.

Keywords

general relativisticcurved spacetimethermodynamic equilibrium

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Physics and Engineering
Volume 34 Issue 3,
June 2024
Pages 8-15
DOI: 10.26599/PHYS.2024.9320302

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Cite this article:
CUI L, WANG T, CAI Y, et al. THERMODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM FOR RELATIVISTIC MACRO SYSTEMS. Physics and Engineering, 2024, 34(3): 8-15. https://doi.org/10.26599/PHYS.2024.9320302

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Received: 18 November 2023
Published: 03 January 2024
© 2024 Physics and Engineering.