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Research Article | Open Access

Simultaneous improving luminescence intensity and stability, reduce cation vacancies of rare-earth doped CaF2 by charge self-compensation

Yuxin Liu , Zhangong Bai , Ao Xu , Guofeng Wang ( )
Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
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Abstract

Although upconversion rare-earth (RE) materials have excellent luminescence properties, the luminescence intensity and thermal stability of phosphors are not favorable due to RE doping induced vacancies. This work focused on enhancing luminescence intensity and stability of phosphor by charge compensation and three-dimensional (3D) printing. The luminescence results showed that Ca0.697Yb0.2Er0.0015Tm0.0005F2 with charge compensation exhibited luminescence intensity 3.2 times higher than that of Ca0.798Yb0.2Er0.0015Tm0.0005F2 non-charge compensation. The luminescence of resin-coated luminescent materials is still stable after 6 months. The constructed white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) also exhibit consistent and outstanding color rendering characteristics, with a color rendering index (CRI) of up to 81 and a low color temperature (CCT).

Graphical Abstract

This work focused on enhancing luminescence intensity and stability of phosphor by charge compensation and three-dimensional (3D) printing.

Keywords

upconversion luminescence enhancementcharge compensationluminescence stabilitythree-dimensional (3D) printingdensity functional theory (DFT)

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Nano Research
Volume 19 Issue 4,
April 2026
Article number: 94908410
DOI: 10.26599/NR.2026.94908410

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Cite this article:
Liu Y, Bai Z, Xu A, et al. Simultaneous improving luminescence intensity and stability, reduce cation vacancies of rare-earth doped CaF2 by charge self-compensation. Nano Research, 2026, 19(4): 94908410. https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2026.94908410
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Received: 02 December 2025
Revised: 31 December 2025
Accepted: 05 January 2026
Published: 24 March 2026
© The Author(s) 2026. Published by Tsinghua University Press.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).