RE-doped ferrite/carbon hybrids for synergistic enhancement of broadband microwave absorption and dual-band laser suppression

The rapid evolution of multispectral detection systems requests stealth materials capable of simultaneously delivering strong microwave absorption and suppressed near-infrared laser reflection. This study proposes a novel rare earth (RE) doping strategy to construct a heterostructures ternary Fe₃O₄@C/REOCl (RE = Sm, Er, Dy, and Ho) through in-situ assembly-thermal reduction process. The optimized Fe₃O₄@C/REOCl demonstrates exceptional multi-spectral modulation capabilities due to the synergistic effects of multi-component dielectric loss, magnetic loss, and RE spectral modulation. The Sm³⁺-modified system (FCS) achieved effective absorption bandwidth of 5.41 GHz at 1.5 mm, and the Ho³⁺-modified system (FCH) exhibited ultralow laser reflectivity of 1.86% and 1.98% at the wavelength of 1.06 and 1.55 μm. This study introduces a unified framework that facilitates broadband microwave absorption (> 5 GHz) and dual-band laser suppression (< 2%). It establishes a universal model that can be adapted to various RE components and scalable fabrication pathways for multi-spectral stealth materials.