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Review Article | Open Access

Emerging MXene/metal selenides for energy solutions: A comprehensive review

Syed Adil Shah1, Abdul Hameed Pato2, Sahil Jangra3, Abdullah Al Mahmud4, Imran Haider Sajid5, P. Rosaiah6, Karanpal Singh7, Hari Bandi8, Muhammd Zubair Khan9, Mohd Shkir10, Syed Rizwan5( ), Tensangmu Lama Tamang11 ( ), Iftikhar Hussain12 ( )
School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
Cluster of Applied Sciences, School of Advanced Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, India
William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
Department of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, India
University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India
Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Institute for Wearable Convergence Electronics, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-Daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Haripur 22621, Pakistan
Department of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid University, POST BOX 960, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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Abstract

MXenes and transition metal selenides (TMSe) have emerged as prominent electrode materials for energy storage and conversion applications. The integration of diverse TMSe nanostructures with MXenes introduces promising research avenues for tailored designs ranging from zero-dimensional (0D) to three-dimensional (3D) configurations, boosting structural integrity and enhancing the transport properties of ions and electrons. This integrative framework significantly enhances the overall electrochemical performance. This review examines recent advancements in the integrated design of TMSe and MXenes, specifically focusing on their application in various energy storage (such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion, sodium-ion, magnesium-ion, aluminum-ion, and lithium–sulfur batteries) and energy conversion (including hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions) systems. Furthermore, it discusses the existing challenges and future prospects of employing MXene/TMSe hybrids not only for sustainable electrochemical energy storage and conversion but also for diverse electronic devices.

Graphical Abstract

This review examines recent advancements in the integrated design of metal selenides and MXenes, specifically focusing on their application in various energy storage (such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion, sodium-ion, magnesium-ion, aluminum-ion, and lithium–sulfur batteries) and conversion (including hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions) systems. Furthermore, it discusses the existing challenges and future prospects of employing MXene/transition metal selenides (TMSe) hybrids not only for sustainable electrochemical energy storage and conversion but also for diverse electronic devices.

Keywords

MXenestransition metal selenidessupercapacitorsbatteriesenergy conversion

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Nano Research
Volume 18 Issue 9,
September 2025
Article number: 94907855
DOI: 10.26599/NR.2025.94907855

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Cite this article:
Shah SA, Pato AH, Jangra S, et al. Emerging MXene/metal selenides for energy solutions: A comprehensive review. Nano Research, 2025, 18(9): 94907855. https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2025.94907855
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Received: 17 April 2025
Revised: 29 July 2025
Accepted: 29 July 2025
Published: 25 August 2025
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Tsinghua University Press.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).