Stretchable artificial vision sensor with retinomorphic transistor-reservoir computing

Artificial visual sensors (AVSs) with bio-inspired sensing and neuromorphic signal processing are essential for next-generation intelligent systems. Conventional optoelectronic devices employed in AVSs operate discretely in terms of sensing, processing, and memorization, and not ideal for applications necessitating shape deformation to achieve wide fields-of-view and deep depths-of-field. Here, we present stretchable artificial visual sensors (S-AVS) capable of concurrently sensing and processing optical signals while adapting to shape deformations. Specifically, these S-AVSs use a stretchable transistor structure with a meticulously engineered photosensitive semiconductor layer, comprising an organic semiconductor, thermoplastic elastomer, and cesium lead bromide quantum dots (CsPbBr₃ QDs). They exhibit synaptic behaviors such as excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) under optical signals, maintaining functionality under 30% strain and repeated stretching. The nonlinear response and fading memory effect support in-sensor reservoir computing, achieving image recognition accuracies of 97.46% and 97.1% at 0% and 30% strain, respectively.