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Review Article | Open Access

Electrospun nanofibers for electrochemical reduction of CO2: From spinning fabrication techniques to electrocatalyst design

Yanbiao Liu1,3, Ping Feng2( ), Zhenzhen Wang3, Yan Yan3, Yong Zheng4, Yu Zhang5, Mingkai Liu3 ( )
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena 07743, Germany
School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243002, China
College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Graphical Abstract

Designing efficient catalysts that achieve both high activity and selectivity is of paramount importance for the large-scale implementation of the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (ECO2RR). Electrospun nanofibers have garnered considerable attention as potential catalysts for ECO2RR, attributable to their high surface area with abundant active sites, tunable functionalities, and enhanced selectivity.

Abstract

Electrochemical reduction of CO2 (ECO2RR) into value-added fuels and chemicals presents a promising avenue for mitigating CO2 emissions while simultaneously contributing to economic growth, thereby addressing critical environmental and energy challenges. However, the large-scale implementation of ECO2RR is significantly impeded by the necessity to design efficient catalysts that exhibit both high activity and selectivity. These catalysts must overcome the sluggish kinetics associated with ECO2RR as well as the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. In recent decades, electrospun nanofibers have garnered considerable attention as potential catalysts for ECO2RR, attributable to their high surface area with abundant active sites, tunable functionalities, and enhanced selectivity. This review comprehensively examines the rational design of ECO2RR catalysts utilizing electrospinning technology. We commence with an in-depth exploration of the principles underlying the electrospinning process and subsequently summarize key factors influencing this process, including solution parameters, environmental conditions, and electrospinning operational parameters. Moreover, we discuss recent advancements in ECO2RR catalysts synthesized through electrospinning, encompassing carbon nanofibers, composite nanofibers, and metal nanofibers. Finally, we delineate future perspectives and the challenges that electrospun materials face in the context of ECO2RR applications. This review aims to inspire high-quality research directed toward the advancement of electrospun materials for improved performance in ECO2RR.

Keywords

CO2 reduction reactioncatalyst designelectrospinningsingle-atom catalysts

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Nano Research
Volume 18 Issue 2,
February 2025
Article number: 94907154
DOI: 10.26599/NR.2025.94907154
Cite this article:
Liu Y, Feng P, Wang Z, et al. Electrospun nanofibers for electrochemical reduction of CO2: From spinning fabrication techniques to electrocatalyst design. Nano Research, 2025, 18(2): 94907154. https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2025.94907154

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Received: 04 November 2024
Revised: 21 November 2024
Accepted: 24 November 2024
Published: 07 January 2025
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Tsinghua University Press.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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