Antibacterial Activity and Optical Behavior for Restoration of Micro and Nano Dental Fillers Using Functional Graphene Nanosheets with Polymethyl Methacrylate

Abbas Kadhim Hassan; Habib Hamidinezhad; Ehssan Al-Bermany

doi:10.26599/NBE.2024.9290075

Nano Biomedicine and Engineering https://doi.org/10.26599/NBE.2024.9290075

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Open Access | Online first | Published: 27 May 2024

Antibacterial Activity and Optical Behavior for Restoration of Micro and Nano Dental Fillers Using Functional Graphene Nanosheets with Polymethyl Methacrylate

Show Author's Information Hide Author's Information Abbas Kadhim Hassan^{¹^,²}, Habib Hamidinezhad^¹, Ehssan Al-Bermany^³(

)

1Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar 48175-866, Iran

2Educational Directorate of Babylon, Ministry of Education, Bagdad 10069 Iraq

3Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Babylon, Babil 51002, Iraq

Keywords:

optical properties, nanocomposites, antibacterial, grapheme, Klebsiella, dental fillers, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)

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Hassan AK, Hamidinezhad H, Al-Bermany E. Antibacterial Activity and Optical Behavior for Restoration of Micro and Nano Dental Fillers Using Functional Graphene Nanosheets with Polymethyl Methacrylate. Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, 2024, https://doi.org/10.26599/NBE.2024.9290075

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Abstract

Polymer-based graphene nanocomposites significantly impact dental filler materials and antibacterial applications. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was used to improve the properties of nano and hybrid-dental fillings reinforced using synthesis graphene oxide (GO). Developed acoustic-solution-sonication-casting procedures were used to fabricate the new PMMA-dental filler-GO nanocomposites and the morphology, structure, optical properties, and antibacterial activity of samples were investigated. Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) exposed good interaction among the PMMA, filling, and GO nanosheets. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscope (OPM) images revealed homogeneous samples and fine dispersion with improved morphology and overcoming cavities and cracks in the samples. The incorporation of PMMA and PMMA-GO in the nanocomposites showed promising properties: Absorption peak presented at 320 nm of samples enhanced from 0.8 (N1) to 0.98 (N3) for nano-fillers and from 0.7 (H1) to 0.97 (H3) for hybrid-fillers. Bandgap reduction from 3.35 (N1) to 3.15 (N3) for nano-fillers and from 3.10 (H1) to 2.75 (H3) for hybrid-fillers in allowed indirect transition, whereas it reduced from 3.38 (N1) to 3.00 (N3) for nano-fillers and from 3.05 (H1) to 2.75 (H3) for hybrid-fillers in forbidden indirect transition after the contribution of PMMA and GO nanosheets. The inhibition zone of the Klebsiella bacteria significantly expanded from 17 to 23 mm for nano-fillers and from 16 to 22 mm for hybrid-fillers. Nanofillers nanocomposites presented better properties and inhabitances zone diameter of antibacterial compared with non-reinforced dental fillers.

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Antibacterial Activity and Optical Behavior for Restoration of Micro and Nano Dental Fillers Using Functional Graphene Nanosheets with Polymethyl Methacrylate

Show Author's information Hide Author's Information Abbas Kadhim Hassan^{¹^,²}, Habib Hamidinezhad^¹, Ehssan Al-Bermany^³(

)

1Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar 48175-866, Iran

2Educational Directorate of Babylon, Ministry of Education, Bagdad 10069 Iraq

3Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Babylon, Babil 51002, Iraq

Abstract

Keywords: optical properties, nanocomposites, antibacterial, grapheme, Klebsiella, dental fillers, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)

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Received: 04 October 2023

Revised: 04 December 2023

Accepted: 15 December 2023

Published: 27 May 2024

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge M.S.E. from the University of Sheffield, UK and Composite Nanomaterials group from the Department of Physics, the University of Babylon, Iraq for their support.

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.