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Nano Biomedicine and Engineering 2024, 16(1): 28-47 https://doi.org/10.26599/NBE.2024.9290053
Review | Open Access | Issue | Published: 26 December 2023

Carbon-based Nanozymes: How Structure Affects Performance

Show Author's Information Jiuyang He1( ),  Yinyin Hou2,4,  Zixia Zhang2,4,  Junying Zhang1,  Xiyun Yan2,3,4,  Kelong Fan2,3,4( ),  Minmin Liang1( )
Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
Keywords:
biomedical applications, structure-activity relationship, enzyme-like activity, rational design, carbon nanozyme
Cite this article:
He J, Hou Y, Zhang Z, et al. Carbon-based Nanozymes: How Structure Affects Performance. Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, 2024, 16(1): 28-47. https://doi.org/10.26599/NBE.2024.9290053
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Abstract Full text About this article

In the past decade, nanozymes - a unique class of nanomaterials with inherent enzyme-mimetic properties - have fascinated researchers, revealing unexpected enzyme-like activity of nanomaterials previously considered biologically inert. In particular, as metal-free catalyst for biological processes, carbon-based nanozymes have grown in popularity due to their exceptional physical and chemical characteristics. So far, a variety of carbon-based nanozymes with various structures such as fullerene, graphene oxide, carbon dot, carbon nanotube, and carbon nanosphere have been reported possessing a wide range of enzyme-like properties. However, the structure-activity relationship of the carbon-based nanozymes have not yet been comprehensively discussed. In this review, we thoroughly examine the recent findings on the structure-activity connection of carbon nanozymes, in an effort to comprehend the underlying mechanism of carbon nanozymes and throw light on the future direction of the systematic design and construction of functionally specific carbon nanozymes. We also will address the broad range of applications of carbon nanozymes from in vitro detection to replacing specific enzymes in living systems.


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About this article

Carbon-based Nanozymes: How Structure Affects Performance

Show Author's information Jiuyang He1( ), Yinyin Hou2,4, Zixia Zhang2,4, Junying Zhang1, Xiyun Yan2,3,4, Kelong Fan2,3,4( ), Minmin Liang1( )
Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

Abstract

In the past decade, nanozymes - a unique class of nanomaterials with inherent enzyme-mimetic properties - have fascinated researchers, revealing unexpected enzyme-like activity of nanomaterials previously considered biologically inert. In particular, as metal-free catalyst for biological processes, carbon-based nanozymes have grown in popularity due to their exceptional physical and chemical characteristics. So far, a variety of carbon-based nanozymes with various structures such as fullerene, graphene oxide, carbon dot, carbon nanotube, and carbon nanosphere have been reported possessing a wide range of enzyme-like properties. However, the structure-activity relationship of the carbon-based nanozymes have not yet been comprehensively discussed. In this review, we thoroughly examine the recent findings on the structure-activity connection of carbon nanozymes, in an effort to comprehend the underlying mechanism of carbon nanozymes and throw light on the future direction of the systematic design and construction of functionally specific carbon nanozymes. We also will address the broad range of applications of carbon nanozymes from in vitro detection to replacing specific enzymes in living systems.

Keywords: biomedical applications, structure-activity relationship, enzyme-like activity, rational design, carbon nanozyme

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements
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Publication history

Received: 04 September 2023
Revised: 03 November 2023
Accepted: 13 November 2023
Published: 26 December 2023
Issue date: March 2024

Copyright

© The Author(s) 2024.

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFA1205801), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (T2225026, 82172087, and 8210054010).

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