Journal Home > Volume 15 , Issue 4
Nano Biomedicine and Engineering 2023, 15(4): 436-450 https://doi.org/10.26599/NBE.2023.9290044
Review | Open Access | Issue | Published: 20 November 2023

Design of Ultrasmall Silica Nanoparticles for Versatile Biomedical Application in Oncology: A Review

Show Author's Information Cheng Zhang1,§,  Liyuan Zhang1,§,  Yuanyuan Ma2( ),  Shenghong Ju2( ),  Wenpei Fan1( )
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
Jiangsu Key Lab of Molecular Imaging and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China

§Cheng Zhang and Liyuan Zhang contributed equally to this work.

Keywords:
bioimaging, cancer theranostics, ultrasmall silica nanoparticles, multifunctional modification, site-targeted delivery, stimuli-responsive drug release
Cite this article:
Zhang C, Zhang L, Ma Y, et al. Design of Ultrasmall Silica Nanoparticles for Versatile Biomedical Application in Oncology: A Review. Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, 2023, 15(4): 436-450. https://doi.org/10.26599/NBE.2023.9290044
Download citation
EndNote(RIS)
BibTeX

598

Views

62

Downloads

Citations

0

Crossref

N/A

WoS

0

Scopus

N/A

CSCD

Abstract Full text About this article

Ultrasmall silica nanoparticles, as one type of nanocarriers featured by excellent biocompatibility and efficient renal clearance, are of rapidly growing interest for biomedical applications, particularly in oncology. Undesirably, the intrinsic issues of low site-targeting capability, short circulation time, and limited functionalities of ultrasmall silica nanoparticles severely impede their widespread application in the biomedical domain. Recent researches on surface modification for improved physical properties, enhanced site-specific abilities and multimodality imaging have been continuously emerging, which provide the prerequisite for possible application in the integration of diagnosis and treatment. On this basis, this review summarizes the most widely used synthesis approaches for well-ordered ultrasmall silica nanoparticles with uniform diameter and tunable pore size, and simultaneously highlights the diverse surface functionalization for versatile purposes and biomedical applications, including site-targeted delivery of drugs, stimuli-responsive cargo release, real-time bioimaging as well as cancer theranostics. Finally, the challenges of ultrasmall silica nanoparticles in oncology are further discussed with the aim of promoting their future clinical application.


menu
Abstract
Full text
Outline
About this article

Design of Ultrasmall Silica Nanoparticles for Versatile Biomedical Application in Oncology: A Review

Show Author's information Cheng Zhang1,§, Liyuan Zhang1,§, Yuanyuan Ma2( ), Shenghong Ju2( ), Wenpei Fan1( )
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
Jiangsu Key Lab of Molecular Imaging and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China

§Cheng Zhang and Liyuan Zhang contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

Ultrasmall silica nanoparticles, as one type of nanocarriers featured by excellent biocompatibility and efficient renal clearance, are of rapidly growing interest for biomedical applications, particularly in oncology. Undesirably, the intrinsic issues of low site-targeting capability, short circulation time, and limited functionalities of ultrasmall silica nanoparticles severely impede their widespread application in the biomedical domain. Recent researches on surface modification for improved physical properties, enhanced site-specific abilities and multimodality imaging have been continuously emerging, which provide the prerequisite for possible application in the integration of diagnosis and treatment. On this basis, this review summarizes the most widely used synthesis approaches for well-ordered ultrasmall silica nanoparticles with uniform diameter and tunable pore size, and simultaneously highlights the diverse surface functionalization for versatile purposes and biomedical applications, including site-targeted delivery of drugs, stimuli-responsive cargo release, real-time bioimaging as well as cancer theranostics. Finally, the challenges of ultrasmall silica nanoparticles in oncology are further discussed with the aim of promoting their future clinical application.

Keywords: bioimaging, cancer theranostics, ultrasmall silica nanoparticles, multifunctional modification, site-targeted delivery, stimuli-responsive drug release

References(107)

[1]

Y. Wang, Q.F. Zhao, N. Han, et al. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles in drug delivery and biomedical applications. Nanomedicine:Nanotechnology,Biology and Medicine, 2015, 11(2): 313−327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2014.09.014
DOI Google Scholar
[2]

W.C.W. Chan. Nanomedicine 2.0. Accounts of chemical research, 2017, 50(3): 627−632. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00629
DOI Google Scholar
[3]

D. Peer, J.M. Karp, S. Hong, et al. Nanocarriers as an emerging platform for cancer therapy. Nature Nanotechnology, 2007, 2: 751−760. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2007.387
DOI Google Scholar
[4]

P. Biswas, S.A. Polash, D. Dey, et al. Advanced implications of nanotechnology in disease control and environmental perspectives. Biomedicine &Pharmacotherapy, 2023, 158: 114172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114172
DOI Google Scholar
[5]

J.G. Croissant, Y. Fatieiev, N.M. Khashab. Degradability and clearance of silicon, organosilica, silsesquioxane, silica mixed oxide, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Advanced Materials, 2017, 29(9): 1604634. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201604634
DOI Google Scholar
[6]

M.T. Zhu, S. Perrett, G.J. Nie. Understanding the particokinetics of engineered nanomaterials for safe and effective therapeutic applications. Small, 2013, 9(9-10): 1619−1634. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201201630
DOI Google Scholar
[7]

E. Phillips, O. Peñate-Medina, P. Zanzonico, et al. Clinical translation of an ultrasmall inorganic optical-PET imaging nanoparticle probe. Science Translational Medicine, 2014, 6: e3009524. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3009524
DOI Google Scholar
[8]

K. Zarschler, L. Rocks, N. Licciardello, et al. Ultrasmall inorganic nanoparticles: State-of-the-art and perspectives for biomedical applications. Nanomedicine:Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 2016, 12(6): 1663−1701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2016.02.019
DOI Google Scholar
[9]

K. Ma, C. Mendoza, M. Hanson, et al. Control of ultrasmall sub-10 nm ligand-functionalized fluorescent core–shell silica nanoparticle growth in water. Chemistry of Materials, 2015, 27(11): 4119−4133. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b01222
DOI Google Scholar
[10]

R.A. Sperling, W. J. Parak. Surface modification, functionalization and bioconjugation of colloidal inorganic nanoparticles. Philosophical Transactions Series A,Mathematical,Physical,and Engineering Sciences, 2010, 368(1915): 1333−1383. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0273
DOI Google Scholar
[11]

W. Stöber, A. Fink, E. Bohn. Controlled growth of monodisperse silica spheres in the micron size range. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 1968, 26(1): 62−69. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(68)90272-5
DOI Google Scholar
[12]

T. Yokoi, J. Wakabayashi, Y. Otsuka, et al. Mechanism of formation of uniform-sized silica nanospheres catalyzed by basic amino acids. Chemistry of Materials, 2009, 21(15): 3719−3729. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm900993b
DOI Google Scholar
[13]

F.J. Carrillo-Pesqueira, R.C. Carrillo-Torres, M.E. Álvarez-Ramos, et al. Synthesis and characterization of silica nanoparticles obtained by additions of amino acids into the stöber reaction. Microscopy and Microanalysis, 2018, 24(S1): 1098−1099. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927618005974
DOI Google Scholar
[14]

S. Fouilloux, J. Daillant, A. Thill. Single step synthesis of 5–30 nm monodisperse silica nanoparticles: Important experimental parameters and modeling. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2012, 393: 122−127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.11.009
DOI Google Scholar
[15]

X.-D. Wang, Z.-X. Shen, T. Sang, et al. Preparation of spherical silica particles by Stöber process with high concentration of tetra-ethyl-orthosilicate. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2010, 341(1): 23−29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2009.09.018
DOI Google Scholar
[16]

K. Tadanaga, K. Morita, K. Mori, et al. Synthesis of monodispersed silica nanoparticles with high concentration by the Stöber process. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2013, 68(2): 341−345. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-013-3175-6
DOI Google Scholar
[17]
C. G. Tan, B. D. Bowen and N. Epstein, Production of monodisperse colloidal silica spheres: Effect of temperature. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 1987, 118(1): 290–293. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0021979787904589
DOI
[18]

H. Pan, Z. Ni, C. Poh, et al. A simple route to growth of silicon nanowires. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2008, 8(11): 5787−5790. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.217
DOI Google Scholar
[19]

S.-S. Kim, H.-S. Kim, S. G. Kim, et al. Effect of electrolyte additives on sol-precipitated nano silica particles. Ceramics International, 2004, 30(2): 171−175. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-8842(03)00085-3
DOI Google Scholar
[20]

Y. He, Y.L. Zhong, F. Peng, et al. One-Pot microwave synthesis of water-dispersible, ultraphoto- and pH-stable, and highly fluorescent silicon quantum dots. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2011, 133(36): 14192−14195. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja2048804
DOI Google Scholar
[21]
Y. Xie, D. Kocaefe, C.Y. Chen, et al., Review of Research on Template Methods in Preparation of Nanomaterials. Journal of Nanomaterials, 2016, 2016: 2302595.
DOI
[22]

A. Firouzi, D. Kumar, L.M. Bull, et al. Cooperative organization of inorganic-surfactant and biomimetic assemblies. Science, 1995, 267(5201): 1138−1143. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7855591
DOI Google Scholar
[23]

Y.S. Li, J.L. Shi. Hollow-structured mesoporous materials: chemical synthesis, functionalization and applications. Advanced Materials, 2014, 26(20): 3176−3205. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201305319
DOI Google Scholar
[24]

K. Nielsch, J. Choi, K. Schwirn, et al. Self-ordering Regimes of porous alumina: the 10 porosity rule. Nano Letters, 2002, 2(7): 677−680. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl025537k
DOI Google Scholar
[25]

J. Qi, X.Y. Lai, J.Y. Wang, et al. Multi-shelled hollow micro-/nanostructures. Chemical Society Reviews, 2015, 44(19): 6749−6773. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5cs00344j
DOI Google Scholar
[26]

J.-F. Chen, H.-M. Ding, J.-X. Wang, et al. Preparation and characterization of porous hollow silica nanoparticles for drug delivery application. Biomaterials, 2004, 25(4): 723−727. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00566-0
DOI Google Scholar
[27]
M. Fuji, T. Shin, H. Watanabe, et al., Shape-controlled hollow silica nanoparticles synthesized by an inorganic particle template method. Advanced Powder Technology, 2012, 23(5): 562–565.
DOI
[28]

Y. Nakashima, C. Takai, H. Razavi-Khosroshahi, et al. Synthesis of ultra-small hollow silica nanoparticles using the prepared amorphous calcium carbonate in one-pot process. Advanced Powder Technology, 2018, 29(4): 904−908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2018.01.006
DOI Google Scholar
[29]

T.G. Mason, J.N. Wilking, K. Meleson, et al. Nanoemulsions: formation, structure, and physical properties. Journal of Physics:Condensed Matter, 2007, 19(7): 079001. https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/19/7/079001
DOI Google Scholar
[30]

W.T. Yang, X. Wang, S.Y. Song, et al. Syntheses and applications of noble-metal-free CeO2-based mixed-oxide nanocatalysts. Chem, 2019, 5(7): 1743−1774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2019.04.009
DOI Google Scholar
[31]

Y.F. Lu. Surfactant-templated mesoporous materials: from inorganic to hybrid to organic. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2006, 45(46): 7664−7667. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200602489
DOI Google Scholar
[32]

M.-C. Chao, H.-P. Lin, D.-S. Wang, et al. Controlling the crystal morphology of mesoporous silica SBA-1. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2005, 83(1): 269−276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2005.05.007
DOI Google Scholar
[33]

C.Z. Wei, L.F. Wang, L.Y. Dang, et al. Bottom-up-then-up-down route for multi-level construction of hierarchical Bi2S3 superstructures with magnetism alteration. Scientific Reports, 2015, 5: 10599. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep10599
DOI Google Scholar
[34]

F.L. Chi, B.Y. Guan, B. Yang, et al. Terminating effects of organosilane in the formation of silica cross-linked micellar core−shell nanoparticles. Langmuir, 2010, 26(13): 11421−11426. https://doi.org/10.1021/la100912p
DOI Google Scholar
[35]

T. Shimogaki, H. Tokoro, M. Tabuchi, et al. Morphology control of microporous silica particles obtained by gradual injection of reactants. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2015, 76(1): 156−163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-015-3762-9
DOI Google Scholar
[36]

K. Ma, U. Werner-Zwanziger, J. Zwanziger, et al. Controlling Growth of Ultrasmall Sub-10 nm Fluorescent Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. Chemistry of Materials, 2013, 25(5): 677−691. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm303242h
DOI Google Scholar
[37]

S.E. Kim, L. Zhang, K. Ma, et al. Ultrasmall nanoparticles induce ferroptosis in nutrient-deprived cancer cells and suppress tumour growth. Nature Nanotechnology, 2016, 11(11): 977−985. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2016.164
DOI Google Scholar
[38]

F. Chen, K. Ma, M. Benezra, et al. Cancer-targeting ultrasmall silica nanoparticles for clinical translation: Physicochemical structure and biological property correlations. Chemistry of materials :a publication of the American Chemical Society, 2017, 29(20): 8766−8779. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b03033
DOI Google Scholar
[39]

A. Albanese, P.S. Tang, W.C.W. Chan. The effect of nanoparticle size, shape, and surface chemistry on biological systems. Annual review of biomedical engineering, 2012, 14: 1−16. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071811-150124
DOI Google Scholar
[40]

S. Goel, C.A. Ferreira, P. Dogra, et al. Size-optimized ultrasmall porous silica nanoparticles depict vasculature-based differential targeting in triple negative breast cancer. Small, 2019, 15(46): 1903747. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201903747
DOI Google Scholar
[41]

E. Blanco, H.F. Shen, M. Ferrari. Principles of nanoparticle design for overcoming biological barriers to drug delivery. Nature Biotechnology, 2015, 33(9): 941−951. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.3330
DOI Google Scholar
[42]

Y.-S. Lin, C.L. Haynes. Impacts of mesoporous silica nanoparticle size, pore ordering, and pore integrity on hemolytic activity. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2010, 132(13): 4834−4842. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja910846q
DOI Google Scholar
[43]

M.A. Maurer-Jones, Y.-S. Lin, C.L. Haynes. Functional assessment of metal oxide nanoparticle toxicity in immune cells. ACS Nano, 2010, 4(6): 3363−3373. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn9018834
DOI Google Scholar
[44]

J.M. Harris, R.B. Chess. Effect of pegylation on pharmaceuticals. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2003, 2(3): 214−221. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd1033
DOI Google Scholar
[45]

K. Ma, D. Zhang, Y. Cong, et al. Elucidating the mechanism of silica nanoparticle PEGylation processes using fluorescence correlation spectroscopies. Chemistry of Materials, 2016, 28(5): 1537−1545. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b00030
DOI Google Scholar
[46]

P.G. de Gennes. Polymer solutions near an interface. Adsorption and depletion layers. Macromolecules, 1981, 14: 1637−1644. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma50007a007
DOI Google Scholar
[47]

A. Wani, G.H.L. Savithra, A. Abyad, et al. Surface PEGylation of Mesoporous Silica Nanorods (MSNR): Effect on loading, release, and delivery of mitoxantrone in hypoxic cancer cells. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7: 2274. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02531-4
DOI Google Scholar
[48]

G. Gopalakrishnan, C. Danelon, P. Izewska, et al. Multifunctional lipid/quantum dot hybrid nanocontainers for controlled targeting of live cells. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2006, 45(33): 5478−5483. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200600545
DOI Google Scholar
[49]

M.U. Amin, S. Ali, M.Y. Ali, et al. Enhanced efficacy and drug delivery with lipid coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles in cancer therapy. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 2021, 165: 31−40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.04.020
DOI Google Scholar
[50]

Q. Yan, X.L. Guo, X.L. Huang, et al. Gated mesoporous silica nanocarriers for hypoxia-responsive cargo release. ACS Applied Materials &Interfaces, 2019, 11(27): 24377−24385. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b04142
DOI Google Scholar
[51]

N. Han, Q.F. Zhao, L. Wan, et al. Hybrid lipid-capped mesoporous silica for stimuli-responsive drug release and overcoming multidrug resistance. ACS Applied Materials &Interfaces, 2015, 7(5): 3342−3351. https://doi.org/10.1021/am5082793
DOI Google Scholar
[52]

C.L. Zhu, C.H. Lu, X.Y. Song, et al. Bioresponsive controlled release using mesoporous silica nanoparticles capped with aptamer-based molecular gate. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2011, 133(5): 1278−1281. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja110094g
DOI Google Scholar
[53]

J. Liu, A. Stace-Naughton, X. Jiang, et al. Porous nanoparticle supported lipid bilayers (protocells) as delivery vehicles. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2009, 131(4): 1354−1355. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja808018y
DOI Google Scholar
[54]

H.H. Li, Y. Chen, Y.Y. Deng, et al. Effects of surface charge of low molecular weight heparin-modified cationic liposomes on drug efficacy and toxicity. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2017, 43(7): 1163−1172. https://doi.org/10.1080/03639045.2017.1301948
DOI Google Scholar
[55]

N. Bertrand, J. Wu, X. Xu, et al. Cancer nanotechnology: the impact of passive and active targeting in the era of modern cancer biology. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 2014, 66: 2−25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2013.11.009
DOI Google Scholar
[56]

U. Prabhakar, H. Maeda, R.K. Jain, et al. Challenges and key considerations of the enhanced permeability and retention effect for nanomedicine drug delivery in oncology. Cancer Research, 2013, 73(8): 2412−2417. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.Can-12-4561
DOI Google Scholar
[57]

Y. Matsumura, H. Maeda. A new concept for macromolecular therapeutics in cancer chemotherapy: mechanism of tumoritropic accumulation of proteins and the antitumor agent smancs1. Cancer Research, 1986, 46(12_Part_1): 6387−6392.
Google Scholar
[58]

M. Benezra, O. Penate-Medina, P.B. Zanzonico, et al. Multimodal silica nanoparticles are effective cancer-targeted probes in a model of human melanoma. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2011, 121(7): 2768−2780. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI45600
DOI Google Scholar
[59]

F. Chen, K. Ma, B. Madajewski, et al. Ultrasmall targeted nanoparticles with engineered antibody fragments for imaging detection of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer. Nature Communications, 2018, 9(1): 4141. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06271-5
DOI Google Scholar
[60]

N. Kamaly, Z.Y. Xiao, P.M. Valencia, et al. Targeted polymeric therapeutic nanoparticles: design, development and clinical translation. Chemical Society Reviews, 2012, 41(7): 2971−3010. https://doi.org/10.1039/c2cs15344k
DOI Google Scholar
[61]

G. Bao, S. Mitragotri, S. Tong. Multifunctional nanoparticles for drug delivery and molecular imaging. Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, 2013, 15: 253−282. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071812-152409
DOI Google Scholar
[62]

X.D. Wang, K.S. Rabe, I. Ahmed, et al. Multifunctional silica nanoparticles for covalent immobilization of highly sensitive proteins. Advanced Materials, 2015, 27(48): 7945−7950. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201503935
DOI Google Scholar
[63]

X.L. Zhang, F. Chen, M.Z. Turker, et al. Targeted melanoma radiotherapy using ultrasmall (177)Lu-labeled α-melanocyte stimulating hormone-functionalized core-shell silica nanoparticles. Biomaterials, 2020, 241: 119858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119858
DOI Google Scholar
[64]

F. Chen, K. Ma, L. Zhang, et al. Target-or-clear zirconium-89 labeled silica nanoparticles for enhanced cancer-directed uptake in melanoma: a comparison of radiolabeling strategies. Chemistry of Materials, 2017, 29(19): 8269−8281. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b02567
DOI Google Scholar
[65]

W.W. Ma, A. Tolcher, C.A. Perez, et al. Abstract CT255: ELU-FRα-1: a study to evaluate ELU001 in patients with solid tumors that overexpress folate receptor alpha (FRα). Cancer Research, 2023, 83(8_Supplement): CT255. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-ct255
DOI Google Scholar
[66]

J.F. Popplewell, S.J. King, J.P. Day, et al. Kinetics of uptake and elimination of silicic acid by a human subject: a novel application of 32Si and accelerator mass spectrometry. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 1998, 69(3): 177−180. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0162-0134(97)10016-2
DOI Google Scholar
[67]

Y.-S. Lin, K.R. Hurley, C.L. Haynes. Critical considerations in the biomedical use of mesoporous silica nanoparticles. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 2012, 3(3): 364−374. https://doi.org/10.1021/jz2013837
DOI Google Scholar
[68]

V. Poscher, Y. Salinas. Trends in degradable mesoporous organosilica-based nanomaterials for controlling drug delivery: a mini review. Materials, 2020, 13(17): 3668. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13173668
DOI Google Scholar
[69]

X.L. Li, Y.Y. Chen, X. Zhang, et al. Fabrication of biodegradable auto-fluorescent organosilica nanoparticles with dendritic mesoporous structures for pH/redox-responsive drug release. Materials Science &Engineering:C, 2020, 112: 110914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.110914
DOI Google Scholar
[70]

J.M. Li, F. Liu, Q. Shao, et al. Enzyme-responsive cell-penetrating peptide conjugated mesoporous silica quantum dot nanocarriers for controlled release of nucleus-targeted drug molecules and real-time intracellular fluorescence imaging of tumor cells. Advanced Healthcare Materials, 2014, 3(8): 1230−1239. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201300613
DOI Google Scholar
[71]

T. Doura, T. Nishio, F. Tamanoi, et al. Relationship between the glutathione-responsive degradability of thiol-organosilica nanoparticles and the chemical structures. Journal of Materials Research, 2019, 34(7): 1266−1278. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2018.501
DOI Google Scholar
[72]

S.P. Hadipour Moghaddam, J. Saikia, M. Yazdimamaghani, et al. Redox-responsive polysulfide-based biodegradable organosilica nanoparticles for delivery of bioactive agents. ACS Applied Materials &Interfaces, 2017, 9(25): 21133−21146. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b04351
DOI Google Scholar
[73]

J.G. Croissant, Y. Fatieiev, K. Julfakyan, et al. Biodegradable oxamide-phenylene-based mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles with unprecedented drug payloads for delivery in cells. Chemistry A European Journal, 2016, 22(42): 14806−14811. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201601714
DOI Google Scholar
[74]

Y. Fatieiev, J.G. Croissant, K. Julfakyan, et al. Enzymatically degradable hybrid organic–inorganic bridged silsesquioxane nanoparticles for in vitro imaging. Nanoscale, 2015, 7(37): 15046−15050. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5nr03065j
DOI Google Scholar
[75]

I. Teasdale, O. Brüggemann. Polyphosphazenes: Multifunctional, biodegradable vehicles for drug and gene delivery. Polymers, 2013, 5(1): 161−187. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym5010161
DOI Google Scholar
[76]

B.R. Smith, S.S. Gambhir. Nanomaterials for in vivo imaging. Chemical Reviews, 2017, 117(3): 901−986. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00073
DOI Google Scholar
[77]

A.M. Derfus, W.C.W. Chan, S.N. Bhatia. Probing the cytotoxicity of semiconductor quantum dots. Nano Letters, 2004, 4(1): 11−18. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl0347334
DOI Google Scholar
[78]

C. Kirchner, T. Liedl, S. Kudera, et al. Cytotoxicity of colloidal CdSe and CdSe/ZnS nanoparticles. Nano Letters, 2005, 5(2): 331−338. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl047996m
DOI Google Scholar
[79]

C. Eggeling, A. Volkmer, C.A. Seidel. Molecular photobleaching kinetics of Rhodamine 6G by one- and two-photon induced confocal fluorescence microscopy. ChemPhysChem, 2005, 6(5): 791−804. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.200400509
DOI Google Scholar
[80]

U. Resch-Genger, M. Grabolle, S. Cavaliere-Jaricot, et al. Quantum dots versus organic dyes as fluorescent labels. Nature Methods, 2008, 5(9): 763−775. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.1248
DOI Google Scholar
[81]

M. Rosso-Vasic, E. Spruijt, Z. Popović, et al. Amine-terminated silicon nanoparticles: Synthesis, optical properties and their use in bioimaging. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2009, 19(33): 5926. https://doi.org/10.1039/b902671a
DOI Google Scholar
[82]

X. Cheng, S.B. Lowe, P.J. Reece, et al. Colloidal silicon quantum dots: from preparation to the modification of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) for bio-applications. Chemical Society Reviews, 2014, 43(8): 2680−2700. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cs60353a
DOI Google Scholar
[83]

N. Licciardello, S. Hunoldt, R. Bergmann, et al. Biodistribution studies of ultrasmall silicon nanoparticles and carbon dots in experimental rats and tumor mice. Nanoscale, 2018, 10(21): 9880−9891. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr01063c
DOI Google Scholar
[84]

H. Kobayashi, M.R. Longmire, M. Ogawa, et al. Multiplexed imaging in cancer diagnosis: applications and future advances. The Lancet Oncology, 2010, 11(6): 589−595. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(10)70009-7
DOI Google Scholar
[85]

V. Tolmachev, I. Velikyan, M. Sandström, et al. A HER2-binding Affibody molecule labelled with 68Ga for PET imaging: direct in vivo comparison with the 111In-labelled analogue. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 2010, 37: 1356−1367. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-009-1367-7
DOI Google Scholar
[86]
J.E. Mortimer, J.M. Park, M.I. Carroll, et al. Correlation of 64Cu-DOTA-trastuzumab positron emission tomo graphy (PET) imaging with HER2 status by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2013, 31(15 suppl): 618–618.
DOI
[87]

J.E. Mortimer, J.R. Bading, D.M. Colcher, et al. Functional imaging of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive metastatic breast cancer using 64Cu-DOTA-trastuzumab PET. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 2013, 55(1): 23−29. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.113.122630
DOI Google Scholar
[88]

E.C. Dijkers, T.H. Oude Munnink, J.G. Kosterink, et al. Biodistribution of 89Zr-trastuzumab and PET imaging of HER2-positive lesions in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Clinical Pharmacology &Therapeutics, 2010, 87(5): 586−592. https://doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2010.12
DOI Google Scholar
[89]

F.F.E. Kohle, J.A. Hinckley, U.B. Wiesner. Dye encapsulation in fluorescent core–shell silica nanoparticles as probed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2019, 123(15): 9813−9823. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b00297
DOI Google Scholar
[90]

A.E. Chiou, J.A. Hinckley, R. Khaitan, et al. Fluorescent silica nanoparticles to label metastatic tumor cells in mineralized bone microenvironments. Small, 2021, 17(15): e2001432. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202001432
DOI Google Scholar
[91]

F. Chen, B. Madajewski, K. Ma, et al. Molecular phenotyping and image-guided surgical treatment of melanoma using spectrally distinct ultrasmall core-shell silica nanoparticles. Science Advances, 2019, 5(12): eaax5208. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax5208
DOI Google Scholar
[92]

M.J. Roberts, M.D. Bentley, J.M. Harris. Chemistry for peptide and protein PEGylation. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 2002, 54(4): 459−476. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-409x(02)00022-4
DOI Google Scholar
[93]

K. Ma, U. Wiesner. Modular and orthogonal post-pegylation surface modifications by insert ion enabling penta-functional ultrasmall organic-silica hybrid nanoparticles. Chemistry of Materials, 2017, 29(16): 6840−6855. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b02009
DOI Google Scholar
[94]

Y. Gao, S. Gu, Y.Y. Zhang, et al. The architecture and function of monoclonal antibody-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with mifepristone: Repurposing abortifacient for cancer metastatic chemoprevention. Small, 2016, 12(19): 2595−2608. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201600550
DOI Google Scholar
[95]

W. Qu, B. Meng, Y. Yu, et al. EpCAM antibody-conjugated mesoporous silica nanoparticles to enhance the anticancer efficacy of carboplatin in retinoblastoma. Materials Science &Engineering C, 2017, 76: 646−651. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.036
DOI Google Scholar
[96]

W. Ngamcherdtrakul, T. Sangvanich, M. Reda, et al. Lyophilization and stability of antibody-conjugated mesoporous silica nanoparticle with cationic polymer and PEG for siRNA delivery. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 2018, 13: 4015−4027. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S164393
DOI Google Scholar
[97]

Y. Zhang, J. Guo, X.L. Zhang, et al. Antibody fragment-armed mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the targeted delivery of bevacizumab in ovarian cancer cells. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2015, 496(2): 1026−1033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.10.080
DOI Google Scholar
[98]

H.J. Yan, Y. You, X.J. Li, et al. Preparation of RGD peptide/folate acid double-targeted mesoporous silica nanoparticles and its application in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020, 11: 898. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00898
DOI Google Scholar
[99]

H. Xu, Z. Wang, Y. Li, et al. Preparation and characterization of a dual-receptor mesoporous silica nanoparticle–hyaluronic acid–RGD peptide targeting drug delivery system. RSC Advances, 2016, 6(46): 40427−40435. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra03113g
DOI Google Scholar
[100]

L. Pascual, C. Cerqueira-Coutinho, A. García-Fernández, et al. MUC1 aptamer-capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles for controlled drug delivery and radio-imaging applications. Nanomedicine:Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 2017, 13(8): 2495−2505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2017.08.006
DOI Google Scholar
[101]

Y. Shen, M. Li, T. Liu, et al. A dual-functional HER2 aptamer-conjugated, pH-activated mesoporous silica nanocarrier-based drug delivery system provides in vitro synergistic cytotoxicity in HER2-positive breast cancer cells. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 2019, 14: 4029−4044. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S201688
DOI Google Scholar
[102]

Y. Yang, W. Zhao, W. Tan, et al. An efficient cell-targeting drug delivery system based on aptamer-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Nanoscale Research Letters, 2019, 14(1): 390. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-019-3208-3
DOI Google Scholar
[103]

W. Qu, B. Meng, Y. Yu, et al. Folic acid-conjugated mesoporous silica nanoparticles for enhanced therapeutic efficacy of topotecan in retina cancers. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 2018, 13: 4379−4389. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S142668
DOI Google Scholar
[104]

Y.-Q. Huang, L.-J. Sun, R. Zhang, et al. Hyaluronic acid nanoparticles based on a conjugated oligomer photosensitizer: Target-specific two-photon imaging, redox-sensitive drug delivery, and synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy. ACS Applied Bio Materials, 2019, 2(6): 2421−2434. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.9b00130
DOI Google Scholar
[105]

S. Colombo, M. Beck-Broichsitter, J.P. Bøtker, et al. Transforming nanomedicine manufacturing toward quality by design and microfluidics. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 2018, 128: 115−131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.004
DOI Google Scholar
[106]

M.J. Mitchell, M.M. Billingsley, R.M. Haley, et al. Engineering precision nanoparticles for drug delivery. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2021, 20(2): 101−124. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41573-020-0090-8
DOI Google Scholar
[107]

S. Đorđević, M.M. Gonzalez, I. Conejos-Sánchez, et al. Current hurdles to the translation of nanomedicines from bench to the clinic. Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 2022, 12(3): 500−525. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-021-01024-2
DOI Google Scholar
Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements
Rights and permissions

Publication history

Received: 22 September 2023
Revised: 17 October 2023
Accepted: 19 October 2023
Published: 20 November 2023
Issue date: December 2023

Copyright

© The Author(s) 2023.

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgement

This study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (92059202, 82330060, 82302273), the Funding of Double First-Rate Discipline Innovation Team of China Pharmaceutical University (CPUQNJC22_04), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (2632023TD01).

Rights and permissions

This is an open-access article distributed under  the  terms  of  the  Creative  Commons  Attribution  4.0 International  License (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which  permits  unrestricted  use,  distribution,  and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Return