Analysis theory and engineering applications of steel–concrete hybrid tower structures for large wind turbines

Developing wind power is crucial for achieving China’s dual-carbon goals. In recent years, the wind power industry has faced trends of increasing turbine capacity, significantly taller hub heights, and longer blade lengths. Traditional steel towers, owing to their high costs and frequent accidents, are becoming less suitable for meeting these demands. As a result, steel–concrete hybrid high-tower structures (referred to as “hybrid high-tower structures”) have emerged as the primary support for large-scale wind turbines. This paper presents the latest research developments in steel-prestressed concrete hybrid towers and prestressed concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) lattice towers, which play pivotal roles in advancing hybrid high-tower technology.