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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024, 12(1): 16-33 https://doi.org/10.26599/JGSE.2024.9280003
Original Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 15 March 2024

Groundwater vulnerability assessment using a GIS-based DRASTIC method in the Erbil Dumpsite area (Kani Qirzhala), Central Erbil Basin, North Iraq

Show Author's Information Masoud H Hamed1,  Rebwar N Dara1,2,  Marios C Kirlas3( )
Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
Department of Petroleum Engineering, College of Engineering, Knowledge University, Erbil, Iraq
Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Keywords:
Sensitivity analysis, Pollution, Nitrate, Iraq, DRASTIC, Erbil, Groundwater vulnerability assessment
Cite this article:
Hamed MH, Dara RN, Kirlas MC. Groundwater vulnerability assessment using a GIS-based DRASTIC method in the Erbil Dumpsite area (Kani Qirzhala), Central Erbil Basin, North Iraq. Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2024, 12(1): 16-33. https://doi.org/10.26599/JGSE.2024.9280003
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Abstract Full text About this article

Groundwater vulnerability assessment is a crucial step in the efficient management of groundwater resources, especially in areas with intensive anthropogenic activities and groundwater pollution. In the present study, the DRASTIC method was applied using Geographic Information System (GIS) to delineate groundwater vulnerability zones in the Erbil Dumpsite area, Central Erbil Basin, North Iraq. Results showed that the area was classified into four vulnerability classes: Very low (16.97%), low (27.67%), moderate (36.55%) and high (18.81%). The southern, south-eastern and northern parts of the study area exhibited the highest vulnerability potential, while the central-northern, northern and north-western regions displayed the lowest vulnerability potential. Moreover, results of the single-parameter sensitivity analysis indicated that amongst the seven DRASTIC parameters, the unsaturated zone and the aquifer media were the most influencing parameters. In conclustion, the correlation of 25 nitrate concentration values with the final vulnerability map, assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient, yielded a satisfactory result of R = 0.72.


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Groundwater vulnerability assessment using a GIS-based DRASTIC method in the Erbil Dumpsite area (Kani Qirzhala), Central Erbil Basin, North Iraq

Show Author's information Masoud H Hamed1, Rebwar N Dara1,2, Marios C Kirlas3( )
Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
Department of Petroleum Engineering, College of Engineering, Knowledge University, Erbil, Iraq
Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Abstract

Groundwater vulnerability assessment is a crucial step in the efficient management of groundwater resources, especially in areas with intensive anthropogenic activities and groundwater pollution. In the present study, the DRASTIC method was applied using Geographic Information System (GIS) to delineate groundwater vulnerability zones in the Erbil Dumpsite area, Central Erbil Basin, North Iraq. Results showed that the area was classified into four vulnerability classes: Very low (16.97%), low (27.67%), moderate (36.55%) and high (18.81%). The southern, south-eastern and northern parts of the study area exhibited the highest vulnerability potential, while the central-northern, northern and north-western regions displayed the lowest vulnerability potential. Moreover, results of the single-parameter sensitivity analysis indicated that amongst the seven DRASTIC parameters, the unsaturated zone and the aquifer media were the most influencing parameters. In conclustion, the correlation of 25 nitrate concentration values with the final vulnerability map, assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient, yielded a satisfactory result of R = 0.72.

Keywords: Sensitivity analysis, Pollution, Nitrate, Iraq, DRASTIC, Erbil, Groundwater vulnerability assessment

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Received: 09 August 2023
Accepted: 30 November 2023
Published: 15 March 2024
Issue date: March 2024

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