Discover the SciOpen Platform and Achieve Your Research Goals with Ease.
Search articles, authors, keywords, DOl and etc.
In this study, (Zr0.5/Sb0.5)xTi1−xO2 ceramics with x = 0.01, 0.025, and 0.05 were prepared via the solid-state reaction (SSR) method. A pure phase of rutile TiO2 with a highly dense microstructure and relative density (ρr) higher than 96% was detected in all the sintered ceramics. The mean grain size was reduced, but the dielectric permittivity (ε′) increased. The giant dielectric properties were tested to investigate their possible use in capacitors and capacitive humidity sensors under various relative humidity (RH) levels ranging from 30% to 95% RH. (Zr0.5/Sb0.5)xTi1−xO2 ceramics present a giant ε′ of ~(4.82‒7.39)×104 and a low loss tangent (tanδ ≈ 0.031‒0.106 at 1 kHz), indicating attractive giant dielectric properties. This observation was attributed to both intrinsic and extrinsic effects. For the humidity sensing properties, the best humidity sensing properties were observed in the ceramics with x = 0.05, with a sensitivity of ~237%pF/%RH, a low hysteresis error (~1.6%), and fast response/recovery time of ~12 s/16 s at 1 kHz. The point defects of
Chen Z, Lu C. Humidity sensors: A review of materials and mechanisms. Sens Lett 2005, 3: 274–295.
Lee CY, Lee GB. Humidity sensors: A review. Sens Lett 2005, 3: 1–15.
Traversa E. Ceramic sensors for humidity detection: The state-of-the-art and future developments. Sensor Actuat B Chem 1995, 23: 135–156.
Krishna Prasad NV, Venkata Prasad K, Ramesh S, et al. Ceramic sensors: A mini-review of their applications. Front Mater 2020, 7: 593342.
Li M. Study of the humidity-sensing mechanism of CaCu3Ti4O12. Sensor Actuat B Chem 2016, 228: 443–447.
Yao JH, Wang JS, Cao WJ, et al. Humidity sensing properties of (In + Nb) doped HfO2 ceramics. Nanomaterials-Basel 2023, 13: 951.
Wang J, Guo YM, Wang ST, et al. The effect of humidity on the dielectric properties of (In + Nb) co-doped SnO2 ceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc 2019, 39: 323–329.
Li M, Chen XL, Zhang DF, et al. Humidity sensitive properties of pure and Mg-doped CaCu3Ti4O12. Sensor Actuat B Chem 2010, 147: 447–452.
Hu WB, Liu Y, Withers RL, et al. Electron-pinned defect-dipoles for high-performance colossal permittivity materials. Nat Mater 2013, 12: 821–826.
Peng H, Liang PF, Zhou XB, et al. Good thermal stability, giant permittivity, and low dielectric loss for X9R-type (Ag1/4Nb3/4)0.005Ti0.995O2 ceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 2019, 102: 970–975.
Peng H, Liang PF, Wu D, et al. Simultaneous realization of broad temperature stability range and outstanding dielectric performance in (Ag+, Ta5+) co-doped TiO2 ceramics. J Alloys Compd 2019, 783: 423–427.
Yang C, Tse MY, Wei XH, et al. Colossal permittivity of (Mg + Nb) co-doped TiO2 ceramics with low dielectric loss. J Mater Chem C 2017, 5: 5170–5175.
Dong W, Chen DH, Hu WB, et al. Colossal permittivity behavior and its origin in rutile (Mg1/3Ta2/3) x Ti1− x O2. Sci Rep 2017, 7: 9950.
Liu GC, Fan HQ, Xu J, et al. Colossal permittivity and impedance analysis of niobium and aluminum co-doped TiO2 ceramics. RSC Adv 2016, 6: 48708–48714.
Mingmuang Y, Chanlek N, Moontragoon P, et al. Effects of Sn4+ and Ta5+ dopant concentration on dielectric and electrical properties of TiO2: Internal barrier layer capacitor effect. Results Phys 2022, 42: 106029.
Peng P, Chen CH, Cui B, et al. Influence of the electric field on flash-sintered (Zr + Ta) co-doped TiO2 colossal permittivity ceramics. Ceram Int 2022, 48: 6016–6023.
Yang C, Wei XH, Hao JH. Colossal permittivity in TiO2 co-doped by donor Nb and isovalent Zr. J Am Ceram Soc 2018, 101: 307–315.
Li JL, Li F, Li C, et al. Evidences of grain boundary capacitance effect on the colossal dielectric permittivity in (Nb + In) co-doped TiO2 ceramics. Sci Rep 2015, 5: 8295.
Nachaithong T, Kidkhunthod P, Thongbai P, et al. Surface barrier layer effect in (In + Nb) co-doped TiO2 ceramics: An alternative route to design low dielectric loss. J Am Ceram Soc 2017, 100: 1452–1459.
Crandles DA, Yee SMM, Savinov M, et al. Electrode effects in dielectric spectroscopy measurements on (Nb + In) co-doped TiO2. J Appl Phys 2016, 119: 154105.
Siriya P, Tuichai W, Danwittayakul S, et al. Surface layer characterizations and sintering time effect on electrical and giant dielectric properties of (In0.05Nb0.05)Ti0.9O2 ceramics. Ceram Int 2018, 44: 7234–7239.
Srilarueang S, Putasaeng B, Sreejivungsa K, et al. Giant dielectric response, nonlinear characteristics, and humidity sensing properties of a novel perovskite: Na1/3Sr1/3Tb1/3Cu3Ti4O12. RSC Adv 2023, 13: 29706–29720.
Srilarueang S, Sreejivungsa K, Thanamoon N, et al. Optimizing sintering conditions and microstructure for enhanced dielectric and humidity sensing properties of Na1/3Ca1/3Tb1/3Cu3Ti4O12 ceramics. Mater Chem Phys 2024, 318: 129320.
Sreejivungsa K, Thanamoon N, Phromviyo N, et al. Advanced humidity sensing properties of CuO ceramics. Sci Rep 2024, 14: 9726.
Liu LJ, Fan HQ, Fang L, et al. Dielectric characteristic of nanocrystalline Na0.5K0.5NbO3 ceramic green body. J Electroceram 2012, 28: 144–148.
Liu LJ, Wu MX, Yang Z, et al. Dielectric relaxation of NKN–BNT porous green body. Procedia Engineer 2012, 27: 793–798.
Si RJ, Li TY, Sun J, et al. Humidity sensing behavior and its influence on the dielectric properties of (In + Nb) co-doped TiO2 ceramics. J Mater Sci 2019, 54: 14645–14653.
Wongsricha J, Sreejivungsa K, Thanamoon N, et al. Enhanced humidity sensing properties of Ta2O5 and ITO doped rutile-TiO2 porous ceramics. Sci Rep 2024, 14: 18656.
Li TY, Si RJ, Sun J, et al. Giant and controllable humidity sensitivity achieved in (Na + Nb) codoped rutile TiO2. Sensor Actuat B-Chem 2019, 293: 151–158.
Li TY, Si RJ, Wang J, et al. Microstructure, colossal permittivity, and humidity sensitivity of (Na,Nb) co-doped rutile TiO2 ceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 2019, 102: 6688–6696.
Mingmuang Y, Chanlek N, Moontragoon P, et al. Significantly improved dielectric properties of tin and niobium co-doped rutile TiO2 driven by Maxwell–Wagner polarization. J Alloys Compd 2022, 923: 166371.
Wongsricha J, Sreejivungsa K, Thanamoon N, et al. Low loss tangent and excellent humidity–temperature stability with DC bias independence of giant-permittivity TiO2 doped with indium tin oxide and tantalum pentoxide. Ceram Int 2024, 50: 1547–1555.
Boonlakhorn J, Putasaeng B, Kidkhunthod P, et al. First-principles calculations and experimental study of enhanced nonlinear and dielectric properties of Sn4+-doped CaCu2.95Mg0.05Ti4O12 ceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc 2021, 41: 5176–5183.
Han H, Dufour P, Mhin S, et al. Quasi-intrinsic colossal permittivity in Nb and in co-doped rutile TiO2 nanoceramics synthesized through a oxalate chemical-solution route combined with spark plasma sintering. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015, 17: 16864–16875.
Shannon RD. Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides. Acta Cryst A 1976, A32: 751–767.
Tuichai W, Thongyong N, Danwittayakul S, et al. Very low dielectric loss and giant dielectric response with excellent temperature stability of Ga3+ and Ta5+ co-doped rutile-TiO2 ceramics. Mater Design 2017, 123: 15–23.
Boonlakhorn J, Chanlek N, Manyam J, et al. Enhanced giant dielectric properties and improved nonlinear electrical response in acceptor–donor (Al3+,Ta5+)-substituted CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. J Adv Ceram 2021, 10: 1243–1255.
Chiang YM, Takagi T. Grain-boundary chemistry of barium titanate and strontium titanate: I, high-temperature equilibrium space charge. J Am Ceram Soc 1990, 73: 3278–3285.
Thongyong N, Chanlek N, Srepusharawoot P, et al. Experimental study and DFT calculations of improved giant dielectric properties of Ni2+/Ta5+ co-doped TiO2 by engineering defects and internal interfaces. J Eur Ceram Soc 2022, 42: 4944–4952.
Li CL, Huang C, Zhu ML, et al. Defect engineering in rare-earth-doped SrTiO3 ceramics: Route to colossal capacitance material up to X9R capacitor standard. Mater Today Commun 2024, 39: 108680.
Li CL, Huang C, Zhu ML, et al. High-resistance X9R-type colossal dielectric ceramics achieved by reducing grain size in Y-modified SrTiO3. J Am Ceram Soc 2024, 107: 4223–4231.
Huang C, Meng YZ, Li CL, et al. Colossal permittivity, low dielectric loss, and good thermal stability achieved in Ta-doped BaTiO3 by B-site defect engineering. J Mater Sci Mater El 2023, 34: 2231.
Meng YZ, Liu K, Zhang XY, et al. Defect engineering in rare-earth-doped BaTiO3 ceramics: Route to high-temperature stability of colossal permittivity. J Am Ceram Soc 2022, 105: 5725–5737.
Nachaithong T, Thongbai P, Maensiri S. Colossal permittivity in (In1/2Nb1/2) x Ti1− x O2 ceramics prepared by a glycine nitrate process. J Eur Ceram Soc 2017, 37: 655–660.
Tuichai W, Danwittayakul S, Chanlek N, et al. Origin(s) of the apparent colossal permittivity in (In1/2Nb1/2) x Ti1− x O2: Clarification on the strongly induced Maxwell–Wagner polarization relaxation by DC bias. RSC Adv 2017, 7: 95–105.
Wang XW, Zhang BH, Xu LH, et al. Dielectric properties of Y and Nb co-doped TiO2 ceramics. Sci Rep 2017, 7: 8517.
Mingmuang Y, Chanlek N, Srepusharawoot P, et al. Origin of excellent giant dielectric performance of rutile-TiO2 ceramics codoped with isovalent/pentavalent dopants. Mater Res Bull 2022, 155: 111964.
Fan JT, Long Z, Zhou HT, et al. Colossal dielectric behavior of (Ho,Ta) co-doped rutile TiO2 ceramics. J Mater Sci Mater El 2021, 32: 14780–14790.
Mingmuang Y, Chanlek N, Thongbai P. Ultra–low loss tangent and giant dielectric permittivity with excellent temperature stability of TiO2 co-doped with isovalent-Zr4+/pentavalent-Ta5+ ions. J Materiomics 2022, 8: 1269–1277.
Fan JT, Leng SL, Cao ZZ, et al. Colossal permittivity of Sb and Ga co-doped rutile TiO2 ceramics. Ceram Int 2019, 45: 1001–1010.
Li ZW, Wu JG. Novel titanium dioxide ceramics containing bismuth and antimony. J Materiomics 2017, 3: 112–120.
Si RJ, Xie XJ, Li TY, et al. TiO2/NaNbO3 heterojunction for boosted humidity sensing ability. Sensor Actuat B Chem 2020, 309: 127803.
Tuichai W, Danwittayakul S, Chanlek N, et al. High-performance giant-dielectric properties of rutile TiO2 co-doped with acceptor-Sc3+ and donor-Nb5+ ions. J Alloys Compd 2017, 703: 139–147.
Zhao XG, Liu P. Effects of sintering atmosphere on microstructure and dielectric properties of (Yb + Nb) co-doped rutile TiO2 ceramics. J Alloys Compd 2017, 715: 170–175.
Agmon N. The Grotthuss mechanism. Chem Phys Lett 1995, 244: 456–462.
452
Views
95
Downloads
0
Crossref
0
Web of Science
0
Scopus
0
CSCD
Altmetrics
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).