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Research Article | Open Access

Enhanced humidity-sensing performance of (Zr4+/Sb5+)-codoped TiO2 ceramics with giant dielectric properties

Noppakorn Thanamoon1,2Nateeporn Thongyong1,3Kaniknun Sreejivungsa4Narong Chanlek3Prasit Thongbai1,2( )
Giant Dielectric and Computational Design Research Group (GD-CDR), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Institute of Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy (IN-RIE), Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
Department of Fundamental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Surindra Rajabhat University, Surin 32000, Thailand
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Abstract

In this study, (Zr0.5/Sb0.5)xTi1−xO2 ceramics with x = 0.01, 0.025, and 0.05 were prepared via the solid-state reaction (SSR) method. A pure phase of rutile TiO2 with a highly dense microstructure and relative density (ρr) higher than 96% was detected in all the sintered ceramics. The mean grain size was reduced, but the dielectric permittivity (ε′) increased. The giant dielectric properties were tested to investigate their possible use in capacitors and capacitive humidity sensors under various relative humidity (RH) levels ranging from 30% to 95% RH. (Zr0.5/Sb0.5)xTi1−xO2 ceramics present a giant ε′ of ~(4.82‒7.39)×104 and a low loss tangent (tanδ ≈ 0.031‒0.106 at 1 kHz), indicating attractive giant dielectric properties. This observation was attributed to both intrinsic and extrinsic effects. For the humidity sensing properties, the best humidity sensing properties were observed in the ceramics with x = 0.05, with a sensitivity of ~237%pF/%RH, a low hysteresis error (~1.6%), and fast response/recovery time of ~12 s/16 s at 1 kHz. The point defects of SbTi and VO were claimed to be active centers for water absorption. Furthermore, impedance spectroscopy (IS) analysis revealed that changes in the dielectric properties with varying RH levels were also influenced by interfacial polarization at the surface layer and grain boundaries.

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics
Article number: 9221005
Cite this article:
Thanamoon N, Thongyong N, Sreejivungsa K, et al. Enhanced humidity-sensing performance of (Zr4+/Sb5+)-codoped TiO2 ceramics with giant dielectric properties. Journal of Advanced Ceramics, 2025, 14(1): 9221005. https://doi.org/10.26599/JAC.2024.9221005

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Received: 04 June 2024
Revised: 29 September 2024
Accepted: 20 November 2024
Published: 08 January 2025
© The Author(s) 2025.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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