AI Chat Paper
Discover the SciOpen Platform and Achieve Your Research Goals with Ease.
Ultra-high-temperature ceramic nanowires have shown increasing potential for use as thermal structural components. Herein, novel single-crystal Hf0.5Ta0.5C solid solution nanowires were synthesized and incorporated with a HfC coating to construct a robust structure with Hf0.5Ta0.5C solid solution nanowires uniformly distributed and interconnected within the coating. The novel Hf0.5Ta0.5C solid solution nanowires could effectively hinder crack propagation through crack tip pinning and crack deflection. This mechanism substantially enhanced the elastic modulus and fracture toughness of the HfC coating by 53.29% and 59.67%, respectively. The toughened HfC coating displayed superior fracture toughness and good interfacial binding strength with the substrate to resist severe oxidation and scouring. Additionally, the high thermal conductivity of the toughened HfC coating promoted heat transmission. Thus, in comparison to the pure HfC coating, the toughened HfC coating displayed smaller mass and linear ablation rates of −0.35 mg·s−1 and −0.46 μm·s−1, which decreased by 39.66% and 36.98%, respectively. Our work not only simultaneously enhances the mechanical properties and ablation resistance of HfC-coated carbon/carbon (C/C) composites but also provides novel prospects for advanced ultrahigh-temperature ceramic nanowires under extreme conditions.
Dhakate S, Aoki T, Ogasawara T. High temperature tensile properties of 2D cross-ply carbon‒carbon composites. Adv Mater Lett 2011, 2: 106–112.
Kim HG, Ji W, Kwon HJ, et al. Full-scale multi-physics numerical analysis of an isothermal chemical vapor infiltration process for manufacturing C/C composites. Carbon 2021, 172: 174–188.
Xiao CX, Song Q, Shen QL, et al. Understanding on interlaminar nano-reinforcement induced mechanical performance improvement of carbon/carbon composites after silicon infiltration. Compos Part B Eng 2022, 239: 109946.
Li CY, Li GB, Ouyang HB, et al. ZrB2 particles reinforced glass coating for oxidation protection of carbon/carbon composites. J Adv Ceram 2019, 8: 102–111.
Vignoles GL, Aspa Y, Quintard M. Modelling of carbon–carbon composite ablation in rocket nozzles. Compos Sci Technol 2010, 70: 1303–1311.
Morimoto T, Ogura Y, Kondo M, et al. Multilayer coating for carbon–carbon composites. Carbon 1995, 33: 351–357.
Ni DW, Cheng Y, Zhang JP, et al. Advances in ultra-high temperature ceramics, composites, and coatings. J Adv Ceram 2022, 11: 1–56.
Hao W, Ni N, Liu TY, et al. Ablation resistance of HfC(Si,O)–HfB2(Si,O) composites fabricated by one-step reactive spark plasma sintering. J Eur Ceram Soc 2021, 41: 2226–2238.
Ni N, Hao W, Liu TY, et al. Oxidation/ablation behaviors of hafnium carbide–silicon carbonitride systems at 1500 and 2500 ℃. Ceram Int 2020, 46: 23840–23853.
Yin XM, Han LY, Liu HM, et al. Recent progress in 1D nanostructures reinforced carbon/carbon composites. Adv Funct Mater 2022, 32: 2204965.
Jiang S, Hou PX, Liu C, et al. High-performance single-wall carbon nanotube transparent conductive films. J Mater Sci Technol 2019, 35: 2447–2462.
Fu QG, Zhuang L, Ren QW, et al. Carbon nanotube-toughened interlocking buffer layer to improve the adhesion strength and thermal shock resistance of SiC coating for C/C–ZrC–SiC composites. J Materiomics 2015, 1: 245–252.
Fu QG, Zhuang L, Li HJ, et al. Effect of carbon nanotubes on the toughness, bonding strength and thermal shock resistance of SiC coating for C/C–ZrC–SiC composites. J Alloys Compd 2015, 645: 206–212.
Chu YH, Fu QG, Li HJ, et al. Effect of SiC nanowires on the mechanical and oxidation protective ability of SiC coating for C/C composites. J Am Ceram Soc 2012, 95: 739–745.
Qiang XF, Li HJ, Zhang YL, et al. Mechanical and oxidation protective properties of SiC nanowires-toughened SiC coating prepared in situ by a CVD process on C/C composites. Surf Coat Technol 2016, 307: 91–98.
Li HJ, Wang YJ, Fu QG, et al. SiC nanowires toughed HfC ablative coating for C/C composites. J Mater Sci Technol 2015, 31: 70–76.
Duan LY, Luo L, Liu LP, et al. Ablation of C/SiC–HfC composite prepared by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis in plasma wind tunnel. J Adv Ceram 2020, 9: 393–402.
Fu YQ, Zhang YL, Chen H, et al. Ultra-high temperature resistance of one-dimensional hafnium carbide wrapped with pyrolytic carbon up to 2450 ℃. Corros Sci 2022, 195: 110015.
Fu YQ, Zhang YL, Yan H, et al. Microstructure and evolution of hafnium carbide whiskers via polymer-derived ceramics: A novel formation mechanism. J Adv Ceram 2023, 12: 578–586.
Li B, Li HJ, Yao XY, et al. Preparation and ablation resistance of ZrC nanowires-reinforced CVD-ZrC coating on sharp leading edge C/C composites. Appl Surf Sci 2022, 584: 152617.
Ren JC, Zhang YL, Zhang PF, et al. Ablation resistance of HfC coating reinforced by HfC nanowires in cyclic ablation environment. J Eur Ceram Soc 2017, 37: 2759–2768.
Yan NN, Shi XH, Li K, et al. In-situ homogeneous growth of ZrC nanowires on carbon cloth and their effects on flexural properties of carbon/carbon composites. Compos Part B Eng 2018, 154: 200–208.
Fu YQ, Zhang YL, Chen H, et al. Ultra-high temperature performance of carbon fiber composite reinforced by HfC nanowires: A promising lightweight composites for aerospace engineering. Compos Part B Eng 2023, 250: 110453.
Smith CJ, Yu XX, Guo QY, et al. Phase, hardness, and deformation slip behavior in mixed Hf x Ta1− x C. Acta Mater 2018, 145: 142–153.
Cedillos-Barraza O, Grasso S, Nasiri NA, et al. Sintering behaviour, solid solution formation and characterisation of TaC, HfC and TaC–HfC fabricated by spark plasma sintering. J Eur Ceram Soc 2016, 36: 1539–1548.
Zhang C, Boesl B, Agarwal A. Oxidation resistance of tantalum carbide–hafnium carbide solid solutions under the extreme conditions of a plasma jet. Ceram Int 2017, 43: 14798–14806.
Oliver WC, Pharr GM. An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments. J Mater Res 1992, 7: 1564–1583.
Wang X, Wang CJ, Atkinson A. Interface fracture toughness in thermal barrier coatings by cross-sectional indentation. Acta Mater 2012, 60: 6152–6163.
Yan NN, Zhang JP, Liu TY, et al. One-step preparation and ablation behavior of ZrC–SiC–Si coating for nose-shaped ZrC/C composites with gradient pore structure by vapor silicon infiltration. Corros Sci 2022, 206: 110505.
Zhang C, Gupta A, Seal S, et al. Solid solution synthesis of tantalum carbide–hafnium carbide by spark plasma sintering. J Am Ceram Soc 2017, 100: 1853–1862.
Wang N, Cai Y, Zhang RQ. Growth of nanowires. Mater Sci Eng R Rep 2008, 60: 1–51.
Li K, Li HJ, Yan NN, et al. Adsorption and dissociation of CH4 on graphene: A density functional theory study. Appl Surf Sci 2018, 459: 693–699.
Li K, Li N, Yan NN, et al. Adsorption of small hydrocarbons on pristine, N-doped and vacancy graphene by DFT study. Appl Surf Sci 2020, 515: 146028.
Deng JL, Lu BF, Hu KY, et al. Thermodynamics equilibrium analysis on the chemical vapor deposition of HfC as coatings for ceramic matrix composites with HfCl x ( x = 2–4)–C y H z (CH4, C2H4 and C3H6)–H2–Ar system. Adv Compos Hybrid Mater 2019, 2: 102–114.
Ye ZM, Zeng Y, Xiong X, et al. Elucidating the role of preferential oxidation during ablation: Insights on the design and optimization of multicomponent ultra-high temperature ceramics. J Adv Ceram 2022, 11: 1956–1975.
Zhang HG, Wei H, Bao H. Thermal transport mechanism of amorphous HfO2: A molecular dynamics based study. J Therm Sci 2022, 31: 1052–1060.
Aliasgarian R, Naderi M, Mirsalehi SE, et al. The ablation and oxidation behaviors of SiC coatings on graphite prepared by slurry sintering and pack cementation. J Mater Eng Perform 2018, 27: 3900–3910.
Kong JA, Zhang YL, Chen GH, et al. Ablation behavior of CVD-TaC coatings with different crystal structures for C/C composites under oxyacetylene flame. J Eur Ceram Soc 2022, 15: 6898–6907.
Ren JC, Zhang YL, Zhang J, et al. Effects of HfC nanowire amount on the microstructure and ablation resistance of CVD-HfC coating. Ceram Int 2018, 44: 11340–11349.
Shuai K, Zhang YL, Fu YQ, et al. MoSi2–HfC/TaC–HfC multi-phase coatings synthesized by supersonic atmospheric plasma spraying for C/C composites against ablation. Corros Sci 2021, 193: 109884.
Zhang J, Zhang YL, Fu YQ, et al. Preparation and ablation behavior of HfC–SiC co-deposited coatings with different proportions. Corros Sci 2021, 192: 109853.
Tong MD, Ding JH, Li N, et al. Effect of SiCnws@BN core shell upon impact-ablation performance of HfC coating on C/C composites. Corros Sci 2022, 209: 110707.
Zhang J, Zhang YL, Zhu XF, et al. Design and preparation of multilayer TaC/HfC coating: Ablation behavior under oxyacetylene flame with different heat flux. Corros Sci 2022, 204: 110385.
Feng GH, Li HJ, Yao XY, et al. Ablation resistance of TaC-modified HfC coating prepared by supersonic plasma spraying for SiC-coated carbon/carbon composites. Ceram Int 2019, 45: 17936–17945.
Tan ZY, Zhu W, Yang L, et al. Microstructure, mechanical properties and ablation behavior of ultra-high-temperature Ta–Hf–C solid solution coating prepared by a step-by-step plasma solid solution method. Surf Coat Technol 2020, 403: 126405.
Tan ZY, Guo JW, Zhu W. Ablation resistance of HfC–TaC–Hf6Ta2O17 composite coatings prepared by vacuum plasma spraying. Corros Sci 2023, 221: 111368.
Shimada S, Inagaki M, Matsui K. Oxidation kinetics of hafnium carbide in the temperature range of 480 to 600 ℃. J Am Ceram Soc 1992, 75: 2671–2678.
860
Views
182
Downloads
1
Crossref
0
Web of Science
1
Scopus
0
CSCD
Altmetrics
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
