AI Chat Paper
Discover the SciOpen Platform and Achieve Your Research Goals with Ease.
Piezoelectricity offers an electromechanical coupling that is widely utilized in transducer applications. There has been a consistent demand for transparent piezoelectric materials for optoelectrical applications. Therefore, despite the inherent tradeoff between the transparency and the piezoelectricity, numerous strategies have been explored to develop the transparent piezoelectric materials. Nonetheless, the most transparent piezoelectric materials developed to date is either a single crystal or materials that achieve transparency via hot-press sintering, limiting its industrial applicability. Therefore, we introduce a novel piezoelectric material that ensures transparency through co-doping and pressureless sintering of polycrystalline ceramics. In this study, we employed a compositional optimization approach to enhance the synergistic effect between the transparency and the piezoelectric properties of 0.71Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.29PbTiO3 (PMN–0.29PT) ceramics. By utilizing the tape casting process for mass production and large-area manufacturing, our Pb0.913La0.0145Sm0.0145(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.71Ti0.29O3 (TP2.9) ceramics exhibited over 60% transparency and large piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of 1104 pC/N. This material holds considerable promise for a wide range of industrial applications in both the optical and electronic domains.
Huangfu G, Zeng K, Wang BQ, et al. Giant electric field-induced strain in lead-free piezoceramics. Science 2022, 378: 1125–1130.
Tressler JF, Alkoy S, Newnham RE. Piezoelectric sensors and sensor materials. J Electroceram 1998, 2: 257–272.
Zate TT, Kim M, Jeon JH. Outstanding unipolar strain of textured Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbZrO3–PbTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics manufactured by particle size distribution control of the plate-like BaTiO3 template. Sens Actuat A Phys 2022, 335: 113373.
Kang WS, Lee TG, Kang JH, et al. Bi-templated grain growth maximizing the effects of texture on piezoelectricity. J Eur Ceram Soc 2021, 41: 2482–2487.
Li JL, Qu WB, Daniels J, et al. Lead zirconate titanate ceramics with aligned crystallite grains. Science 2023, 380: 87–93.
Liu X, Tang MY, Wang YK, et al. Achieving combinatory “soft” and “hard” piezoelectric properties in textured ceramics by exploring single-crystal-like electrostriction. J Am Ceram Soc 2023, 107: 24–35.
Jin J, Lee JJ, Bae BS, et al. Silica nanoparticle-embedded sol–gel organic/inorganic hybrid nanocomposite for transparent OLED encapsulation. Org Electron 2012, 13: 53–57.
Park S, Lim JT, Jin WY, et al. Efficient large-area transparent OLEDs based on a laminated top electrode with an embedded auxiliary mesh. ACS Photonics 2017, 4: 1114–1122.
Fang Z, Jiang XD, Tian X, et al. Ultratransparent PMN–PT electro–optic ceramics and its application in optical communication. Adv Opt Mater 2021, 9: 2002139.
Park B, Han M, Park J, et al. A photoacoustic finder fully integrated with a solid-state dye laser and transparent ultrasound transducer. Photoacoustics 2021, 23: 100290.
Park J, Park B, Kim TY, et al. Quadruple ultrasound, photoacoustic, optical coherence, and fluorescence fusion imaging with a transparent ultrasound transducer. P Natl A Sci 2021, 118: e1920879118.
Hong CH, Jo W. A model delineating the dielectric spectra of a relaxor PLZT obtained by impedance analyzer. J Am Ceram Soc 2018, 101: 1949–1956.
Zhang Y, Ding AL, Qiu PS, et al. Effect of La content on characterization of PLZT ceramics. Mater Sci Eng B 2003, 99: 360–362.
Zheng FJ, Tian X, Fang Z, et al. Sm-doped PIN–PMN–PT transparent ceramics with high curie temperature, good piezoelectricity, and excellent electro−optical properties. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023, 15: 7053–7062.
Hong CH, Kim HP, Choi BY, et al. Lead-free piezoceramics—Where to move on. J Materiomics 2016, 2: 1–24.
Zhang SJ, Malič B, Li JF, et al. Lead-free ferroelectric materials: Prospective applications. J Mater Res 2021, 36: 985–995.
Li D, Gu W, Irshad MS et al. Simultaneously, achieving high transparency and applicable piezoelectricity in Sm-modified KNN-based lead-free ceramics. J Alloys Compd 2023, 955: 170209.
Zhang XS, Yang D, Yang ZY, et al. Transparency of K0.5N0.5NbO3–Sr(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 lead-free ceramics modulated by relaxor behavior and grain size. Ceram Int 2016, 42: 17963–17971.
Rahman A, Park S, Min Y, et al. An easy approach to obtain large piezoelectric constant in high-quality transparent ceramics by normal sintering process in modified potassium sodium niobate ceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc, 2020, 40: 2989–2995.
Swartz SL, Shrout TR. Fabrication of perovskite lead magnesium niobate. Mater Res Bull 1982, 17: 1245–1250.
Kim S, Lee H. Piezoelectric ceramics with high d33 constants and their application to film speakers. Materials 2021, 14: 5795.
Lee S, Kang T, Lee W, et al. Multifunctional device based on phosphor-piezoelectric PZT: Lighting, speaking, and mechanical energy harvesting. Sci Rep 2018, 8: 301.
Kim HJ, Yang WS, No K. Improvement of low-frequency characteristics of piezoelectric speakers based on acoustic diaphragms. IEEE Trans Ultrason, Ferroelect, Freq Contr 2012, 59: 2027–2035.
Badillo FAL, Eiras JA, Milton FP, et al. Preparation and microstructural, structural, optical and electro−optical properties of La doped PMN–PT transparent ceramics. Opt Photonics J 2012, 2: 157–162.
Haertling GH. PLZT electrooptic materials and applications—A review. Ferroelectrics 1987, 75: 25–55.
Ji WL, He XY, Zeng X, et al. Effects of PMN/PT ratio on optical and electro−optic properties of PLMNT transparent ceramics. Ceram Int 2015, 41: 10387–10393.
Song ZZ, Zhang YC, Lu CJ, et al. Fabrication and ferroelectric/dielectric properties of La-doped PMN–PT ceramics with high optical transmittance. Ceram Int, 2017, 43: 3720–3725.
Guo QH, Li F, Xia FQ, et al. High-performance Sm-doped Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbZrO3–PbTiO3-based piezoceramics. ACS Appl Mater Inter 2019, 11: 43359–43367.
Li CC, Xu B, Lin DB, et al. Atomic-scale origin of ultrahigh piezoelectricity in samarium-doped PMN–PT ceramics. Phys Rev B 2020, 101: 140102
Li F, Cabral MJ, Xu B, et al. Giant piezoelectricity of Sm-doped Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 single crystals. Science 2019, 364: 264–268.
Li F, Lin DB, Chen ZB, et al. Ultrahigh piezoelectricity in ferroelectric ceramics by design. Nat Mater 2018, 17: 349–354.
Ahmed NM, Sabah FA, Abdulgafour HI, et al. The effect of post annealing temperature on grain size of indium−tin-oxide for optical and electrical properties improvement. Results Phys 2019, 13: 102159.
Lee HJ, Zhang SJ, Shrout TR. Scaling effects of relaxor-PbTiO3 crystals and composites for high frequency ultrasound. J Appl Phys 2010, 107: 124107.
Kelley KP, Yilmaz DE, Collins L, et al. Thickness and strain dependence of piezoelectric coefficient in BaTiO3 thin films. Phys Rev Materials 2020, 4: 024407.
Lee HJ, Zhang SJ, Luo J, et al. Thickness-dependent properties of relaxor-PbTiO3 ferroelectrics for ultrasonic transducers. Adv Funct Mater 2010, 20: 3154–3162.
Oh HT, Joo HJ, Kim MC, et al. Thickness-dependent properties of undoped and Mn-doped (001) PMN-29PT[Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−29PbTiO3] single crystals. J Korean Ceram Soc 2018, 55: 290–298.
Tian DX, Chen P, Yang X, et al. Thickness dependence of dielectric and piezoelectric properties from the surface layer effect of BaTiO3-based ceramics. Ceram Int 2021, 47: 17262–17267.
Qiu CR, Liu JF, Li F, et al. Thickness dependence of dielectric and piezoelectric properties for alternating current electric-field-poled relaxor-PbTiO3 crystals. J Appl Phys 2019, 125: 014102.
Yan PK, Qin YL, Xu ZY, et al. Highly transparent Eu-doped 0.72PMN−0.28PT ceramics with excellent piezoelectricity. ACS Appl Mater Inter 2021, 13: 54210–54216.
Qin YL, Yan PK, Han FX, et al. The piezoelectric properties of transparent 0.75Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−0.25PbTiO3:Pr3+ ceramics. J Alloys Compd 2022, 891: 161959.
Yang D, Ma C, Yang ZP, et al. Optical and electrical properties of pressureless sintered transparent (K0.37Na0.63)NbO3-based ceramics. Ceram Int 2016, 42: 4648–4657.
Wu X, Fang CC, Lin JF, et al. Tetragonal Er3+-doped (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)(Nb0.96Bi0.04)O3: Lead-free ferroelectric transparent ceramics with electrical and optical multifunctional performances. Ceram Int 2018, 44: 4908–4914.
Ren XD, Peng ZH, Chen B, et al. A compromise between piezoelectricity and transparency in KNN-based ceramics: The dual functions of Li2O addition. J Eur Ceram Soc 2020, 40: 2331–2337.
Geng ZM, Li K, Shi DL, et al. Effect of Sr and Ba-doping in optical and electrical properties of KNN based transparent ceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 2015, 26: 6769–6775.
Yan K, Chen XL, Wang FF, et al. Large piezoelectricity and high transparency in fine-grained BaTiO3 ceramics. Appl Phys Lett, 2020, 116: 082902.
Li K, Sun EW, Zhang YC, et al. High piezoelectricity of Eu3+-doped Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.25PbTiO3 transparent ceramics. J Mater Chem C 2021, 9: 2426–2436.
Hu M, Chang ZC, Nie N, et al. La-doped PMN–PT transparent ceramics with ultra-high electro–optic effect and its application in optical devices. J Adv Ceram 2023, 12: 1441–1453.
1172
Views
330
Downloads
1
Crossref
0
Web of Science
0
Scopus
0
CSCD
Altmetrics
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
