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A La0.5Ba0.5MnO3−δ oxide was prepared using the sol–gel technique. Instead of a pure phase, La0.5Ba0.5MnO3−δ was discovered to be a combination of La0.7Ba0.3MnO3−δ and BaMnO3. The in-situ production of La0.7Ba0.3MnO3−δ+BaMnO3 nanocomposites enhanced the oxygen vacancy (VO) formation compared to single-phase La0.7Ba0.3MnO3−δ or BaMnO3, providing potential benefits as a cathode for fuel cells. Subsequently, La0.7Ba0.3MnO3−δ+BaMnO3 nanocomposites were utilized as the cathode for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells (H-SOFCs), which significantly improved cell performance. At 700 ℃, H-SOFC with a La0.7Ba0.3MnO3−δ+BaMnO3 nanocomposite cathode achieved the highest power density (1504 mW·cm−2) yet recorded for H-SOFCs with manganate cathodes. This performance was much greater than that of single-phase La0.7Ba0.3MnO3−δ or BaMnO3 cathode cells. In addition, the cell demonstrated excellent working stability. First-principles calculations indicated that the La0.7Ba0.3MnO3−δ/BaMnO3 interface was crucial for the enhanced cathode performance. The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) free energy barrier was significantly lower at the La0.7Ba0.3MnO3−δ/BaMnO3 interface than that at the La0.7Ba0.3MnO3−δ or BaMnO3 surfaces, which explained the origin of high performance and gave a guide for the construction of novel cathodes for H-SOFCs.
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