Improvement of the extracts of Rosa roxburghii Tratt on prostatic fibrosis induced by high-fat diet

A high-fat diet (HFD) has been implicated in the development of prostatic fibrosis, which, either independently or in combination with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), can result in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in elderly men. Rosa roxburghii Tratt (RRT), a food with both edible and medicinal properties, is rich in a diverse range of bioactive compounds, including terpenoids, organic acids, polyphenols, coumarins, glycosides, amino acids, flavonoids, and phthalides. In this study, we employed an HFD-induced prostatic fibrosis mouse model to investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of RRT extracts and the underlying mechanisms. Treatment with RRT extracts mitigated the progression of prostatic fibrosis by addressing lipid metabolic dysregulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and imbalances in sex hormone levels. Furthermore, RRT extracts reduced the incidence of bladder urine retention in HFD-fed mice and inhibited the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, a key mediator of fibrosis. Collectively, these findings suggest that RRT extracts may ameliorate HFD-induced prostatic fibrosis through a multi-target, multi-component approach. This study provides valuable experimental insights into the pathogenesis of HFD-induced prostatic fibrosis and supports the potential therapeutic application of RRT in health, food, and medicinal contexts.