Harnessing the cognitive power of blueberries: review of the neurotrophins modulatory potentials, bioactive compounds, bioavailability, clinical trials and therapeutic implications in Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological diseases of the old age often associated with cognitive dysfunctions and behavioral turbulence. Recent research has revealed potential benefits of blueberries in AD management, owing to their rich content of anthocyanins and other bioactive metabolites. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of its potentials beneficial effects in AD in the context of its neurotrophin-modulatory effects. Moreover, evaluation of its bioactive compounds, bioavailability issues, development into the clinical trials, and potential therapeutic implications in AD were evaluated. About 34 clinical trials studies were evaluated in detail. We discussed the role of blueberries in modulating neurotrophins, including BDNF, NGF, NT-3/4 and their potential to increase cognitive function and neuronal health. Our review suggests that blueberries may be a promising adjunctive therapy for AD management, and future research should focus on optimizing their therapeutic potential through large-scale clinical trials and personalized nutritional approaches.