New insights into molecular mechanisms behind the anti-aging effects of dietary bioactive components

Aging is a pathophysiological process driven by genetic, environmental, dietary and behavioral factors, contributing to the development of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. This study primarily explores the anti-aging effects of dietary bioactive components to promote healthy aging. Dietary bioactive components, including polyphenols, carotenoids, and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, have become significant agents in reducing age-related decline and promoting longevity. The anti-aging effects of these components are associated with various modes of action, including enhanced immune function, modulation of gene expression associated with aging, modulation of apoptosis, alteration of intestinal microbial diversity, regulation of cellular autophagy, suppression of cellular senescence, telomere protection, and mitochondrial health. However, additional studies are required to comprehensively uncover the complex interactions between dietary bioactive components and aging processes.