Pinus massoniana used as food and medicine review: chemistry, biology, safety and functional products

Pinus massoniana, a native species in China, is rich in plant resources and has made considerable progress in its development and application in the fields of pharmaceuticals, food, and cosmetics. However, comprehensive reports on its integrated utilization remain limited. Therefore, this paper reviews the relevant research since the initial reports, focusing on the chemical composition, biological activities, safety, and commercially available products derived from Pinus massoniana. By synthesizing these aspects, the paper proposes strategies for the integrated utilization of this resource, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for its further development and application.