Antioxidant effects of selenium-glutathione peroxidase in inflammatory bowel diseases

In recent years, the incidence of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been increasing, posing a serious threat to human health. Medication can lead to off-target, systemic side effects and serious complications, and safer treatments are urgently needed. Selenium (Se) supplementation can alleviate IBD by modulating gut flora and increasing antioxidant enzyme activities. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is a selenoprotein with good antioxidant capacity to eliminate inflammation and protect the intestinal. Herein, this paper comprehensively reviews the recent research progresses of Se-containing GPxs (GPx1-4) in alleviating IBD with oxidation stress as the main thread, summaries the underlying mechanisms of Se-containing GPx on the regulation of IBD. The different effects of inorganic Se, organic Se, and Se nanoparticles in the treatment of IBD are discussed.