Tribologically superior PTFE- and ATSP-based polymer composites for hydrogen environment applications

The global motivation for clean hydrogen energy has grown due to the need for additional sustainable energy sources. To address this demand, it is essential to minimize hydrogen loss during its production and transportation. Polymers are increasingly used to replace metals in components such as seals, valves, and gaskets. This transition is motivated by their superior tribological properties, corrosion resistance, and ability to operate without external lubrication. However, despite their excellent performance in air, these polymers have not been thoroughly tested in hydrogen environments. In this study, several polymer composites were developed using a vitrimer aromatic thermosetting copolyester (ATSP) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) matrices, and their tribological performance was evaluated in a specially designed tribometer under a 5% hydrogen atmosphere. Fluorine-rich transfer films were detected on the steel counterface, and the ATSP-matrix composite exhibited the lowest wear. These findings identify the materials studied as promising candidates for hydrogen-related tribological components. However, they should not be extrapolated directly to high-purity hydrogen, high pressure, elevated temperature, cyclic decompression, or long-duration service without additional validation.