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Material failures caused by load impacts frequently result in significant economic losses and negative effects. The application expansion of shear thickening fluid (STF) under special impact conditions is expected to design a prospective impact-resistant structure due to its shear thickening effect with instantaneous response and reversible viscosity change. Herein, core-shell nanospheres (PS@ZIF-8) were synthesized using polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles as the base template. PS@ZIF-8 was used as the unique dispersed phase and introduced uniformly into hydroxyl-functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) by simple ball mill dispersion to obtain novel STF systems. The important performance of novel STF systems such as the critical shear viscosity and the peak viscosity could be enhanced with the increase in PS@ZIF-8 content. Importantly, the STF systems retained a significant shear thickening effect even after several shear scanning cycles due to the interaction between the dispersed phase (PS@ZIF-8) and the dispersion medium (ILs). The structural stability of PS@ZIF-8 in ionic liquids was also investigated, and the STF suspensions exhibited excellent stability in quantitative comparison experiments after centrifugal disruption at 8000 rpm and standing for 60 days. In addition, a loading impacts experimental method was developed to better investigate the anti-impact-wear performance of STF systems filled in a limited space. The outcomes of tests show that the novel STF systems had outstanding flexibility in energy absorption capacity and impact wear resistance. This study provided a strategy to prevent material failure under load impact and highlighted the potential of this novel STF systems for designing efficient and stable impact-resistant structures.
© The Author(s) 2025.
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