Current progress in protein requirement changes and associated factors in the aging population

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the importance of protein intake among older adults. With the global aging trend accelerating, adequate protein consumption is increasingly recognized as crucial for addressing the decline in muscle mass and function associated with aging. Research has shown that older adults require a higher protein intake (1.0−1.3 g/(kg∙day)) to maintain muscle health, although the optimal recommendation remains a topic of ongoing investigation. The review highlights that the protein needs of older adults are often unmet by the recommended dietary allowance (RDA), potentially leading to health issues such as sarcopenia, weakened immune function, and delayed wound healing. Additionally, it examines various factors influencing protein intake in older adults, including socioeconomic status, education level, geographic location, and individual health conditions. The review also explores dietary patterns and protein sources, including both animal-based and plant-based proteins, and their effects on muscle protein synthesis (MPS). Finally, it underscores the critical role of sufficient protein intake in preserving the health, functionality, and quality of life of older adults, emphasizing the need for public health initiatives to address inadequate protein consumption in this population.