Highlights
(1) Proposes a unified framework that couples multi-omics networks with biomimetic delivery for precise microbiota modulation.
(2) Translates Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome differentiation into reproducible molecular subtypes to guide targeted interventions.
(3) Maps host–microbe–metabolite interactions (e.g., SCFAs, indoles) to identify actionable targets and stratify patients.
(4) Implements adaptive carriers-intestinal-targeted release capsules, probiotic carriers, extracellular vesicle, redox-responsive systems, microbial signal–responsive systems and multi-responsive pH/temperature systems - for site-specific release.

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