Preparation and biological activity of polysaccharide metal ion complex and feasibility analysis of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide with metal ions

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the synthesis, biological activity, structural characterization, and research advancements related to metal ion complexes of polysaccharides. Initially, we conduct a comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages associated with chemical synthesis, physical synthesis, and biosynthesis. Subsequently, we compare the biological activities of polysaccharide-metal ion complexes before and after coordination. The results indicate that these complexes generally exhibit enhanced biological activities compared to their individual components—metal ions or polysaccharides—including antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. Furthermore, structural characterization techniques were employed to confirm successful complexation of polysaccharide-metal ion complexes as well as any structural modifications occurring pre- and post-complexation. Finally, future directions for research on metal ion complexes derived from Tremella polysaccharides are proposed in order to provide insights for the development of novel therapeutic agents and adjuvants.