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Research Article | Open Access

Class incremental learning via feature space calibration

Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore
Korean National Open University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

* This work was conducted while Seongsik Park was affiliated with Dongguk University.

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Abstract

Class incremental learning (CIL) has attracted a great deal of attention as an effective way to realize lifelong learning. However, existing works still face catastrophic forgetting, i.e., performance degradation on old tasks after learning new category information. In this work, we aim to alleviate this problem through feature space calibration. Specifically, we propose a novel loss function that allows the network to focus more on inter- and intra-class information to extract effective features. The balance between remembering old classes and learning new classes is achieved by learning class relationships rather than just information about a particular class, which can effectively alleviate catastrophic forgetting. Unlike existing methods, the approach proposed in this paper is highly general and flexible and can be directly integrated into existing CIL methods to effectively improve their performance. Our proposed approach is shown to be effective through comparative experiments on three popular datasets: CIFAR100, ImageNet100, and ImageNet1k. To ensure a robust comparison, we utilized three state-of-the-art methods as our baseline models. The results of these experiments demonstrate that our approach outperforms the baseline models on a range of benchmark datasets, showcasing its superiority and potential for broader application.

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Computational Visual Media
Pages 1025-1039

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Cite this article:
Kim J, Cao J, Kim J, et al. Class incremental learning via feature space calibration. Computational Visual Media, 2025, 11(5): 1025-1039. https://doi.org/10.26599/CVM.2025.9450426

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Received: 17 March 2023
Accepted: 12 March 2024
Published: 06 October 2025
© The Author(s) 2025.

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.

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To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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