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Brain Science Advances 2019, 5(2): 128-143 https://doi.org/10.26599/BSA.2019.9050013
Review Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 17 January 2020

Therapeutic potential role of exosomes for ischemic stroke

Show Author's Information Zhihan Zhu1,  Bikram Shah Kalyan1,  Lukui Chen2( )
Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
Department of Neurosurgery, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
Keywords:
exosomes, biology, biogenesis, therapy
Cite this article:
Zhu Z, Kalyan BS, Chen L. Therapeutic potential role of exosomes for ischemic stroke. Brain Science Advances, 2019, 5(2): 128-143. https://doi.org/10.26599/BSA.2019.9050013
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Abstract Full text About this article

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30–100 nm, which are released into the extracellular space by fusion of multi- vesicular and plasma membranes. These vesicles actually play a distinct role in cell communication, although they were considered as membrane debris in the past. The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)-dependent and ESCRT-independent mechanisms are currently considered to be involved in the sorting of exosomes, and the release of exosomes is related to the members of Rab protein family and SNARE family. In recent years, the therapeutic potential of exosomes has become apparent. For example, via the direct transplantation of exosomes, the ischemic area after stroke is reduced, and the neurological function is improved significantly. Furthermore, they can be used as effective drug delivery vehicles due to their unique characteristics such as low immunogenicity and nanometer size. In conclusion, exosomes provide a cell-free treatment for ischemic stroke.


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About this article

Therapeutic potential role of exosomes for ischemic stroke

Show Author's information Zhihan Zhu1, Bikram Shah Kalyan1, Lukui Chen2( )
Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
Department of Neurosurgery, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China

Abstract

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30–100 nm, which are released into the extracellular space by fusion of multi- vesicular and plasma membranes. These vesicles actually play a distinct role in cell communication, although they were considered as membrane debris in the past. The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)-dependent and ESCRT-independent mechanisms are currently considered to be involved in the sorting of exosomes, and the release of exosomes is related to the members of Rab protein family and SNARE family. In recent years, the therapeutic potential of exosomes has become apparent. For example, via the direct transplantation of exosomes, the ischemic area after stroke is reduced, and the neurological function is improved significantly. Furthermore, they can be used as effective drug delivery vehicles due to their unique characteristics such as low immunogenicity and nanometer size. In conclusion, exosomes provide a cell-free treatment for ischemic stroke.

Keywords: exosomes, biology, biogenesis, therapy

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Publication history

Received: 18 May 2019
Revised: 29 May 2019
Accepted: 02 June 2019
Published: 17 January 2020
Issue date: June 2019

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© The authors 2019

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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81671819).

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