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02 April 2019
Open Access
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Published:
02 April 2019
Changes of synaptic structures associated with learning, memory and diseases
Yang Yang1(
),
),
Keywords:
synaptic plasticity, spine, axonal bouton, sensory deprivation, learning, neurological disease, multi-synaptic bouton, multi-synaptic spine
Cite this article:
Yang Y, Lu J, Zuo Y.
Changes of synaptic structures associated with learning, memory and diseases.
Brain Science Advances,
2018, 4(2): 99-117.
https://doi.org/10.26599/BSA.2018.2018.9050012
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Synaptic plasticity is widely believed to be the cellular basis of learning and memory. It is influenced by various factors including development, sensory experiences, and brain disorders. Long-term synaptic plasticity is accompanied by protein synthesis and trafficking, leading to structural changes of the synapse. In this review, we focus on the synaptic structural plasticity, which has mainly been studied with in vivo two-photon laser scanning microscopy. We also discuss how a special type of synapses, the multi-contact synapses (including those formed by multi-synaptic boutons and multi-synaptic spines), are associated with experience and learning.
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Changes of synaptic structures associated with learning, memory and diseases
Yang Yang1(
),
),
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is widely believed to be the cellular basis of learning and memory. It is influenced by various factors including development, sensory experiences, and brain disorders. Long-term synaptic plasticity is accompanied by protein synthesis and trafficking, leading to structural changes of the synapse. In this review, we focus on the synaptic structural plasticity, which has mainly been studied with in vivo two-photon laser scanning microscopy. We also discuss how a special type of synapses, the multi-contact synapses (including those formed by multi-synaptic boutons and multi-synaptic spines), are associated with experience and learning.
Keywords:
synaptic plasticity, spine, axonal bouton, sensory deprivation, learning, neurological disease, multi-synaptic bouton, multi-synaptic spine
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Publication history
Received: 05 December 2018
Revised: 25 December 2018
Accepted: 30 December 2018
Published:
02 April 2019
Issue date: December 2018
Copyright
© The authors 2018
Acknowledgements
We thank the following funding agencies (Start-up funding from ShanghaiTech University and 2018YFC1005004 to YY, and the National Institute of Health R01MH104227, R01MH109475, R01NS104950 to YZ) to the support of the work.
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