Lipid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by hallmark pathophysiological features, including the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein, synaptic degeneration, neuronal loss, and glial cell activation. Despite significant advances in research, the therapeutic options available remain limited, underscoring the necessity for the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Emerging evidence suggests a disruption of lipid metabolism in AD, with growing indications of a strong association between genes involved in lipid-related processes and the disease. This review aims to explore the role of lipid metabolism in AD, focusing on its impact on key pathological processes, including the deposition and clearance of Aβ, the seeding and propagation of Tau pathology, synaptic formation and function, and neuroinflammation.