Flexible resource allocation for power systems to maximize diversified values in resilience, carbon reduction and renewable energy consumption

The energy transition inspired by carbon neutrality targets and the increasing threat of extreme events raise multi-objective development requirements for power systems. This paper proposes a multi-objective resource allocation model to determine the type, number and location of flexible resources to increase the values of resilience, carbon reduction and renewable energy consumption. To evaluate the values of resilience, a restoration model for transmission systems is established that considers the coordination of fossil-fuel generators, energy storage systems (ESSs) and renewable energy generators in building restoration paths. The collaborative power-carbon-tradable green certificate (TGC) market model is then applied to evaluate the resource values in terms of carbon reduction and renewable energy consumption. Finally, the model is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) with a nonconvex feasible domain, and the normalized normal constraint (NNC) method is applied to obtain approximate Pareto frontiers for decision makers. Case studies validate the effectiveness of the proposed model in improving multi-factor values and analyze the impact of resource regulation capacity on values of restoration and carbon reduction.