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Open Access

Adaptive cache policy optimization through deep reinforcement learning in dynamic cellular networks

Department of Information and Communications Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Abstract

We explore the use of caching both at the network edge and within User Equipment (UE) to alleviate traffic load of wireless networks. We develop a joint cache placement and delivery policy that maximizes the Quality of Service (QoS) while simultaneously minimizing backhaul load and UE power consumption, in the presence of an unknown time-variant file popularity. With file requests in a time slot being affected by download success in the previous slot, the caching system becomes a non-stationary Partial Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP). We solve the problem in a deep reinforcement learning framework based on the Advantageous Actor-Critic (A2C) algorithm, comparing Feed Forward Neural Networks (FFNN) with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) approach specifically designed to exploit the correlation of file popularity distribution across time slots. Simulation results show that using LSTM-based A2C outperforms FFNN-based A2C in terms of sample efficiency and optimality, demonstrating superior performance for the non-stationary POMDP problem. For caching at the UEs, we provide a distributed algorithm that reaches the objectives dictated by the agent controlling the network, with minimum energy consumption at the UEs, and minimum communication overhead.

Keywords

deep reinforcement learninglong short term memorywireless cachingadvantageous actor criticnon-stationary Partial Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP)

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Intelligent and Converged Networks
Volume 5 Issue 2,
June 2024
Pages 81-99
DOI: 10.23919/ICN.2024.0007
Cite this article:
Srinivasan A, Amidzadeh M, Zhang J, et al. Adaptive cache policy optimization through deep reinforcement learning in dynamic cellular networks. Intelligent and Converged Networks, 2024, 5(2): 81-99. https://doi.org/10.23919/ICN.2024.0007

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Received: 01 June 2023
Revised: 25 July 2023
Accepted: 07 November 2023
Published: 30 June 2024
© All articles included in the journal are copyrighted to the ITU and TUP.

This work is available under the CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO license:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/
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